North America Native Plant

Summer Spurge

Botanical name: Euphorbia discoidalis

USDA symbol: EUDI5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Tithymalopsis discoidalis (Chapm.) Small (TIDI3)   

Summer Spurge: A Rare Native Wildflower Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you might be intrigued by summer spurge (Euphorbia discoidalis), a lesser-known member of the diverse spurge family. This native wildflower represents the kind of botanical treasure that makes native gardening both rewarding and important ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Alabama

Status: S3?Q: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Inexact rank: ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Region: Alabama

Summer Spurge: A Rare Native Wildflower Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you might be intrigued by summer spurge (Euphorbia discoidalis), a lesser-known member of the diverse spurge family. This native wildflower represents the kind of botanical treasure that makes native gardening both rewarding and important for preserving our natural heritage.

Meet the Summer Spurge

Summer spurge, scientifically known as Euphorbia discoidalis, is a perennial forb native to the southeastern United States. As a forb, it’s an herbaceous flowering plant without woody stems above ground—think of it as nature’s version of a wildflower that comes back year after year. You might also see it listed under its botanical synonym Tithymalopsis discoidalis in older plant references.

Where Does Summer Spurge Call Home?

This native beauty has a fairly limited natural range, growing wild in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas. It’s a true southerner that has adapted to the unique growing conditions of the Gulf Coast and southeastern regions.

A Plant That Needs Our Help

Here’s where things get serious: summer spurge isn’t just uncommon—it’s actually considered rare. With a global conservation status that’s still being evaluated and a rarity ranking of S2? in Alabama (meaning it’s imperiled in the state), this plant needs our thoughtful attention. If you’re considering adding summer spurge to your garden, please make sure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock rather than wild-collecting.

Why Grow Summer Spurge?

While detailed horticultural information about this specific species is limited, there are compelling reasons to consider summer spurge for the right garden:

  • It’s a true native that supports local ecosystems
  • As a perennial, it provides lasting value in the landscape
  • Growing rare natives helps preserve genetic diversity
  • It connects your garden to the natural heritage of the Southeast

Growing Considerations

Unfortunately, specific growing requirements for Euphorbia discoidalis aren’t well-documented in horticultural literature. This is common with rare native plants that haven’t been extensively cultivated. If you’re interested in growing summer spurge, your best bet is to:

  • Contact native plant societies in states where it naturally occurs
  • Reach out to botanical gardens or universities in the Southeast
  • Connect with specialized native plant nurseries
  • Try to replicate the conditions of its natural habitat

A Conservation Opportunity

Growing summer spurge isn’t just about adding another plant to your garden—it’s about participating in conservation. When we cultivate rare native plants responsibly, we’re creating seed sources, preserving genetic material, and potentially helping species recover. Just remember: always source your plants ethically and never collect from wild populations.

The Bottom Line

Summer spurge represents the fascinating world of lesser-known native plants that deserve our attention and care. While it may not be the easiest plant to find or grow, it offers something special: a chance to connect with the rare and beautiful plants that make our regional ecosystems unique. If you do decide to grow it, you’ll be joining a small but important group of gardeners helping to preserve our native plant heritage for future generations.

Remember, when it comes to rare plants like summer spurge, patience and responsibility go hand in hand with passion. Take your time to source it properly, and you’ll be rewarded with the satisfaction of growing something truly special.

Summer Spurge

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Euphorbiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae Juss. - Spurge family

Genus

Euphorbia L. - spurge

Species

Euphorbia discoidalis Chapm. - summer spurge

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA