North America Native Plant

Subalpine Mariposa Lily

Botanical name: Calochortus subalpinus

USDA symbol: CASU2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Calochortus lobbii sensu Purdy (CALO10)   

Subalpine Mariposa Lily: A Hidden Gem for Pacific Northwest Gardens If you’re looking to add a touch of mountain magic to your garden, the subalpine mariposa lily might just be your new favorite native wildflower. This charming Pacific Northwest native brings delicate beauty and ecological value to the right garden ...

Subalpine Mariposa Lily: A Hidden Gem for Pacific Northwest Gardens

If you’re looking to add a touch of mountain magic to your garden, the subalpine mariposa lily might just be your new favorite native wildflower. This charming Pacific Northwest native brings delicate beauty and ecological value to the right garden setting, though it does have some specific needs that make it more of a specialized choice than an everyday garden staple.

What is the Subalpine Mariposa Lily?

The subalpine mariposa lily (Calochortus subalpinus) is a perennial forb native to the mountainous regions of Oregon and Washington. As a member of the lily family, this plant lacks woody stems and instead grows from underground bulbs, emerging each spring as a herbaceous flowering plant. You might occasionally see it listed under the synonym Calochortus lobbii in older gardening references.

This lovely native is found naturally in the higher elevation areas of Oregon and Washington, where it has adapted to the unique conditions of subalpine environments.

Why You Might Want to Grow It

There are several compelling reasons to consider adding this native beauty to your landscape:

  • Stunning flowers: The cup-shaped blooms are typically white to pale pink with distinctive purple markings, creating an elegant display in late spring to early summer
  • Native plant benefits: As a true Pacific Northwest native, it supports local ecosystems and provides food sources for native pollinators
  • Pollinator magnet: Native bees and butterflies are drawn to its flowers, making it a valuable addition to pollinator gardens
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s quite drought-tolerant and requires minimal care
  • Unique garden appeal: Perfect for rock gardens, native plant collections, and naturalized areas where you want something special

Why You Might Want to Think Twice

However, this isn’t a plant for every garden or every gardener:

  • Specific growing requirements: It needs well-draining soil and particular moisture conditions that can be challenging to replicate
  • Limited availability: Not commonly found in regular nurseries, so sourcing can be difficult
  • Dormancy period: Like many bulb plants, it goes dormant after flowering, leaving empty space in the garden
  • Geographic limitations: Best suited for USDA hardiness zones 5-8, primarily in the Pacific Northwest region

Perfect Garden Settings

The subalpine mariposa lily shines in specific garden types:

  • Rock gardens: Its mountain origins make it perfect for rocky, well-drained settings
  • Native plant gardens: An excellent choice for Pacific Northwest native plant enthusiasts
  • Xerophytic landscapes: Works well in dry, low-water gardens once established
  • Naturalized areas: Beautiful in meadow-like settings that mimic its natural habitat

Growing Conditions and Care

Success with subalpine mariposa lily requires attention to its natural preferences:

Light: Partial shade to full sun, though some afternoon shade in hotter climates is beneficial.

Soil: Well-draining soil is absolutely critical. Heavy, clay soils or areas that stay wet will likely kill the bulbs. Sandy or rocky soil amendments can help improve drainage.

Water: Moderate moisture during the growing season, but requires dry conditions during summer dormancy. This mimics its natural mountain habitat where snow provides spring moisture but summers are relatively dry.

Hardiness: Suitable for USDA zones 5-8, with the ability to handle cold winters but needing protection from excessive summer heat and humidity.

Planting and Care Tips

For the best chance of success with your subalpine mariposa lily:

  • Plant timing: Plant bulbs in fall to allow for the winter chill period they require
  • Depth: Plant bulbs about 3-4 inches deep in well-prepared, well-draining soil
  • Spacing: Allow about 4-6 inches between bulbs
  • Mulching: Use a light mulch to help retain moisture during growing season but avoid heavy mulches that retain too much moisture
  • Summer care: Allow foliage to die back naturally and keep soil relatively dry during dormancy
  • Fertilizing: Generally unnecessary if planted in appropriate soil conditions

The Bottom Line

The subalpine mariposa lily is a gorgeous native plant that can add unique beauty to the right garden situation. It’s perfect for dedicated native plant gardeners in the Pacific Northwest who can provide its specific growing conditions and appreciate its seasonal growth pattern. While it may not be the easiest plant to grow or find, the reward of successfully cultivating this mountain native and supporting local pollinators makes it worth considering for the right gardener and garden setting.

If you’re new to native gardening or want something more forgiving, you might want to start with easier Pacific Northwest natives and work your way up to this beautiful but more demanding species.

Subalpine Mariposa Lily

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Liliales

Family

Liliaceae Juss. - Lily family

Genus

Calochortus Pursh - mariposa lily

Species

Calochortus subalpinus Piper - subalpine mariposa lily

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA