North America Native Plant

Streambank Lipfern

Botanical name: Cheilanthes paupercula

USDA symbol: CHPA36

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Adiantopsis paupercula (Kunze) Fée (ADPA2)   

Streambank Lipfern: A Tiny Treasure from Puerto Rico’s Rocky Shores Meet the streambank lipfern (Cheilanthes paupercula), a petite and charming fern that’s perfectly adapted to life in rocky crevices and challenging growing conditions. This little botanical gem might just be the specialty plant your garden has been waiting for – ...

Streambank Lipfern: A Tiny Treasure from Puerto Rico’s Rocky Shores

Meet the streambank lipfern (Cheilanthes paupercula), a petite and charming fern that’s perfectly adapted to life in rocky crevices and challenging growing conditions. This little botanical gem might just be the specialty plant your garden has been waiting for – if you’re up for the challenge of growing something truly unique!

What Exactly Is Streambank Lipfern?

The streambank lipfern is a perennial fern species that’s native exclusively to Puerto Rico. Unlike the towering tree ferns you might picture when thinking of tropical ferns, this little guy is more like the scrappy underdog of the fern world. It’s classified as a forb, which basically means it’s a non-woody plant that dies back to ground level but returns year after year from its underground parts.

You might occasionally see this fern listed under its synonym Adiantopsis paupercula, but don’t let the name confusion fool you – it’s the same delightful little plant either way.

Where Does It Call Home?

This fern is a true Puerto Rican endemic, meaning it grows naturally only in Puerto Rico. In its native habitat, you’ll find it tucked into rocky crevices and along streambanks (hence the common name), where it has mastered the art of thriving in what most plants would consider less-than-ideal conditions.

Is This Fern Right for Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit challenging. The streambank lipfern is definitely not your typical garden center find, and there’s good reason for that. Since it’s native only to Puerto Rico, this fern is naturally suited to USDA hardiness zones 10-11, which limits its outdoor growing potential to the southernmost parts of Florida, Hawaii, and similar tropical climates in the continental United States.

If you live outside these zones, don’t despair! This fern can make an excellent container plant that you bring indoors during cooler months, or it could thrive in a heated greenhouse year-round.

What Makes This Fern Special?

The streambank lipfern brings several unique qualities to the table:

  • It’s incredibly drought-tolerant once established, making it perfect for xerophytic or dry gardens
  • Its small size makes it ideal for rock gardens and crevice plantings where space is limited
  • It adds authentic tropical flair to specialty fern collections
  • The delicate, finely-divided fronds create beautiful texture contrast against broader-leaved plants

Growing Conditions: Less Is More

If you’re used to coddling your ferns with constant moisture and rich soil, you’ll need to completely flip your approach with this one. The streambank lipfern actually prefers:

  • Excellent drainage – think rocky, sandy, or gravelly soils
  • Partial shade to filtered light (avoid intense direct sunlight)
  • Minimal water once established
  • Good air circulation

The biggest mistake you can make with this fern is treating it like a typical moisture-loving fern. Overwatering is likely to be its downfall faster than drought ever would be.

Garden Design Ideas

The streambank lipfern shines in specialized garden settings:

  • Rock gardens: Perfect for tucking into crevices between stones
  • Crevice gardens: Ideal for vertical plantings in stone walls
  • Container gardens: Excellent in terra cotta pots with excellent drainage
  • Specialty collections: A must-have for serious fern enthusiasts

A Word About Sourcing

Since this fern is native only to Puerto Rico, finding it can be quite the treasure hunt. If you do locate a source, make sure you’re purchasing from a reputable nursery that propagates their plants responsibly rather than collecting from wild populations. Given its limited native range, we want to make sure wild populations remain healthy and undisturbed.

The Bottom Line

The streambank lipfern is definitely not a plant for beginners or those looking for instant gratification. It’s a specialty fern that rewards patient, knowledgeable gardeners who appreciate unique plants and are willing to provide specific growing conditions. If you’re in the right climate zone and love the challenge of growing something truly distinctive, this little Puerto Rican native might just become your new favorite conversation starter.

Just remember – sometimes the most rewarding plants are the ones that make us work a little harder to understand their needs. The streambank lipfern is certainly one of those plants!

Streambank Lipfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Pteridaceae E.D.M. Kirchn. - Maidenhair Fern family

Genus

Cheilanthes Sw. - lipfern

Species

Cheilanthes paupercula (Kunze) Mett. - streambank lipfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA