North America Native Plant

Steens Mountain Cushion Buckwheat

Botanical name: Eriogonum ovalifolium var. rubidum

USDA symbol: EROVR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Eriogonum rubidum Gand. (ERRU6)   

Steens Mountain Cushion Buckwheat: A Rare Oregon Native for Your Rock Garden If you’re looking for a unique, compact native plant that can handle tough growing conditions while adding subtle beauty to your landscape, meet the Steens Mountain cushion buckwheat (Eriogonum ovalifolium var. rubidum). This little powerhouse is one of ...

Steens Mountain Cushion Buckwheat: A Rare Oregon Native for Your Rock Garden

If you’re looking for a unique, compact native plant that can handle tough growing conditions while adding subtle beauty to your landscape, meet the Steens Mountain cushion buckwheat (Eriogonum ovalifolium var. rubidum). This little powerhouse is one of Oregon’s special endemic plants, and it might just be the perfect addition to your rock garden or xeriscape design.

What Makes This Plant Special?

The Steens Mountain cushion buckwheat is a perennial shrub that stays refreshingly small – typically under 1.5 feet tall and rarely exceeding 3 feet at maturity. True to its common name, it forms dense, cushion-like mounds that hug the ground, creating a naturally sculptural element in the garden. You might also see it listed under its synonym, Eriogonum rubidum.

This plant is native to the lower 48 states, specifically calling Oregon home. Its distribution is quite limited, found primarily in the Steens Mountain area of southeastern Oregon, making it a truly special regional native.

Why Choose Steens Mountain Cushion Buckwheat?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this native beauty for your garden:

  • Authentic native choice: Support local ecosystems by choosing a plant that truly belongs in the Pacific Northwest
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s incredibly drought-tolerant and requires minimal care
  • Compact size: Perfect for small spaces, rock gardens, or as a ground cover
  • Pollinator support: The small clusters of flowers attract native bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects
  • Year-round interest: The cushion-like form provides structure even when not in bloom

Aesthetic Appeal and Design Uses

The Steens Mountain cushion buckwheat forms attractive, dense cushions covered with small oval leaves. During blooming season, it produces clusters of small flowers that can range from white to pink to reddish tones – hence the rubidum (meaning reddish) in its scientific name. The overall effect is subtle but charming, perfect for gardeners who appreciate understated natural beauty.

This plant works beautifully in:

  • Rock gardens and alpine garden settings
  • Xeriscape and drought-tolerant landscapes
  • Native plant gardens focused on Oregon flora
  • As a ground cover in challenging, dry locations
  • Container gardens with excellent drainage

Growing Conditions and Care

The key to success with Steens Mountain cushion buckwheat is understanding its mountain origins. This plant has adapted to harsh, dry conditions and won’t tolerate wet feet.

Ideal growing conditions include:

  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure
  • Soil: Well-draining, preferably alkaline soils
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; avoid overwatering
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 4-8

Planting and Care Tips

Success with this native beauty comes down to mimicking its natural mountain habitat:

  • Drainage is everything: Plant in raised beds, rock gardens, or amend heavy soils with gravel and sand
  • Go easy on the water: Water regularly the first year to establish roots, then cut back significantly
  • Skip the fertilizer: These mountain natives prefer lean soils and don’t need feeding
  • Choose your spot carefully: Once planted, they prefer not to be moved
  • Source responsibly: Due to its limited natural range, always purchase from reputable native plant nurseries

A Note About Rarity

Given this plant’s limited natural distribution around Steens Mountain, it’s important to source plants responsibly. Look for nurseries that propagate their own plants rather than wild-collecting. By growing this native in your garden, you’re helping preserve genetic diversity and supporting conservation efforts.

The Bottom Line

Steens Mountain cushion buckwheat offers gardeners a chance to grow a truly special Oregon native that’s both beautiful and ecologically valuable. While it requires specific growing conditions – excellent drainage being non-negotiable – it rewards careful gardeners with years of low-maintenance beauty and the satisfaction of supporting local ecosystems. If you have the right spot and appreciate subtle, natural beauty over flashy blooms, this compact native could be the perfect addition to your landscape.

Steens Mountain Cushion Buckwheat

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Polygonales

Family

Polygonaceae Juss. - Buckwheat family

Genus

Eriogonum Michx. - buckwheat

Species

Eriogonum ovalifolium Nutt. - cushion buckwheat

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA