North America Native Plant

Spleenwort

Botanical name: Asplenium ×kentuckiense

USDA symbol: ASKE2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: ×Asplenosorus kentuckiensis (T.N. McCoy) Mickel (ASKE3)   

Kentucky Spleenwort: A Rare Native Fern Worth Knowing Meet one of North America’s most elusive native ferns – the Kentucky spleenwort (Asplenium ×kentuckiense). This isn’t your typical garden center find, and there’s a fascinating reason why. This perennial fern is actually a natural hybrid, making it both scientifically intriguing and ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Kentucky

Status: SH: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Possibly Extinct: Known only from historical occurrences. Still some hope of rediscovery ⚘

Kentucky Spleenwort: A Rare Native Fern Worth Knowing

Meet one of North America’s most elusive native ferns – the Kentucky spleenwort (Asplenium ×kentuckiense). This isn’t your typical garden center find, and there’s a fascinating reason why. This perennial fern is actually a natural hybrid, making it both scientifically intriguing and incredibly rare in the wild.

What Makes This Spleenwort Special

The Kentucky spleenwort is a native species found across eight states in the lower 48, but don’t let that fool you into thinking it’s common. This little fern has carved out a niche in some pretty specific spots, primarily in rocky, limestone-rich areas where conditions are just right for its survival.

You’ll find this rare beauty naturally growing in Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virginia. However, its rarity status tells a more sobering story – it’s listed as SH (historically known) in both Arkansas and Kentucky, meaning it may no longer exist in these areas or hasn’t been seen in decades.

A Rarity Worth Protecting

Here’s where things get serious for a moment. The Kentucky spleenwort’s rarity status means we need to be extra thoughtful about this plant. While it’s tempting to want to add every native species to our gardens, this particular fern requires special consideration.

If you’re determined to grow this species, please ensure you’re working only with responsibly sourced material – never collect from wild populations. Better yet, consider supporting conservation efforts for this species rather than attempting to cultivate it in home gardens.

Growing Conditions and Care

Should you obtain Kentucky spleenwort through legitimate conservation channels, here’s what this finicky fern needs:

  • Well-drained, alkaline soil (it loves limestone-based conditions)
  • Shade to partial shade
  • Rocky or gravelly growing medium
  • Consistent moisture without waterlogging
  • Protection from harsh winds

Fair warning: this isn’t a beginner’s fern. Its hybrid nature and specific habitat requirements make it challenging even for experienced gardeners.

Garden Role and Landscape Value

Let’s be honest – if you’re looking for dramatic foliage or showstopping garden presence, this isn’t your fern. The Kentucky spleenwort is more of a botanical treasure than a landscape star. Its value lies in its rarity and ecological significance rather than its ornamental appeal.

For most gardeners, focusing on other native fern species that are more readily available and easier to grow makes more sense. Consider alternatives like Christmas fern, lady fern, or cinnamon fern – all beautiful natives that will thrive in home landscapes without the ethical considerations.

Wildlife and Ecological Benefits

Like most ferns, the Kentucky spleenwort provides modest wildlife benefits. Small creatures might use it for shelter, and it contributes to the overall ecosystem diversity of its native habitats. However, don’t expect pollinator benefits – ferns reproduce via spores, not flowers.

The Bottom Line

The Kentucky spleenwort is undoubtedly a fascinating native plant, but it’s probably not the right choice for most home gardens. Its rarity status, challenging growing requirements, and modest ornamental value make it better suited for specialized conservation efforts than backyard landscaping.

Instead, channel your enthusiasm for native plants toward more readily available fern species that can provide similar ecological benefits without the conservation concerns. Your garden – and wild populations of this rare hybrid – will thank you for it.

Spleenwort

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Aspleniaceae Newman - Spleenwort family

Genus

Asplenium L. - spleenwort

Species

Asplenium ×kentuckiense T.N. McCoy (pro sp.) [pinnatifidum × platyneuron] - spleenwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA