North America Native Plant

Spinyfruit Raspwort

Botanical name: Gonocarpus acanthocarpus

USDA symbol: GOAC

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii  

Synonyms: Haloragis acanthocarpa Brongn. (HAAC4)   

Spinyfruit Raspwort: A Mysterious Pacific Island Native Meet the spinyfruit raspwort (Gonocarpus acanthocarpus), one of gardening’s best-kept secrets – mainly because almost nobody knows anything about it! This elusive perennial herb hails from the remote Pacific islands, making it about as exotic as plants get in the gardening world. What ...

Spinyfruit Raspwort: A Mysterious Pacific Island Native

Meet the spinyfruit raspwort (Gonocarpus acanthocarpus), one of gardening’s best-kept secrets – mainly because almost nobody knows anything about it! This elusive perennial herb hails from the remote Pacific islands, making it about as exotic as plants get in the gardening world.

What Exactly Is Spinyfruit Raspwort?

Spinyfruit raspwort is a perennial forb, which is botanical speak for a soft-stemmed plant that comes back year after year without developing woody growth. Think of it as the herbaceous cousin in a plant family that includes many woody shrubs. The scientific name Gonocarpus acanthocarpus hints at its most distinctive feature – those spiny fruits that give it its common name.

This plant also goes by the scientific synonym Haloragis acanthocarpa, though you’re unlikely to find it under either name at your local garden center!

Where in the World?

Here’s where things get interesting (and limiting). Spinyfruit raspwort is native exclusively to two tiny specks in the vast Pacific Ocean: Guam and Palau. That’s it. No California gardens, no Florida landscapes, no British cottage gardens – just these two tropical island locations.

Should You Try to Grow It?

Here’s the honest truth: you probably can’t, and even if you could, you probably shouldn’t try. This plant exists in such a limited geographic range that it’s essentially unavailable to gardeners outside its native habitat. We simply don’t have enough information about its growing requirements, and attempting to cultivate it could potentially impact wild populations.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing something from the raspwort family, consider looking into native alternatives in your own region. Many areas have their own indigenous forbs and herbs that will thrive in local conditions while supporting native wildlife.

For gardeners interested in Pacific island plants, focus on species that:

  • Are readily available from reputable nurseries
  • Have established cultivation guidelines
  • Won’t strain wild populations
  • Are suitable for your climate zone

The Mystery Continues

Sometimes the most fascinating plants are the ones we can admire from afar. Spinyfruit raspwort remains an enigma – a reminder that our planet still holds countless species living quietly in remote corners of the world, largely undocumented and certainly uncultivated.

While we may never see this particular plant in our gardens, its existence enriches the biodiversity of its Pacific island homes. And perhaps that’s exactly where it should stay, thriving in its natural habitat where it has evolved to perfectly fit its unique ecological niche.

Spinyfruit Raspwort

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Haloragales

Family

Haloragaceae R. Br. - Water Milfoil family

Genus

Gonocarpus Thunb. - raspwort

Species

Gonocarpus acanthocarpus (Brongn.) Orchard - spinyfruit raspwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA