North America Native Plant

Spiked Crested Coralroot

Botanical name: Hexalectris arizonica

USDA symbol: HEAR23

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Corallorhiza arizonica S. Watson (COAR17)  âš˜  Hexalectris spicata (Walter) Barnhart var. arizonica (S. Watson) Catling & Engel (HESPA)   

Spiked Crested Coralroot: A Ghostly Orchid You Can’t (and Shouldn’t) Grow Meet one of nature’s most mysterious plants – the spiked crested coralroot (Hexalectris arizonica). This isn’t your typical garden-variety orchid that you can pick up at the nursery. In fact, this ethereal beauty is so specialized that it’s virtually ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Spiked Crested Coralroot: A Ghostly Orchid You Can’t (and Shouldn’t) Grow

Meet one of nature’s most mysterious plants – the spiked crested coralroot (Hexalectris arizonica). This isn’t your typical garden-variety orchid that you can pick up at the nursery. In fact, this ethereal beauty is so specialized that it’s virtually impossible to cultivate, and that’s perfectly okay!

What Makes This Orchid So Special?

The spiked crested coralroot, also known as Arizona crested coralroot, is a perennial orchid that looks like it belongs in a ghost story. Unlike most plants, it contains no chlorophyll – that green stuff that helps plants make their own food. Instead, this clever little survivor has formed a partnership with underground fungi, essentially borrowing nutrients from nearby trees through these fungal networks.

When it does appear above ground (which isn’t every year), you’ll see a single, leafless stem topped with a spike of intricate brownish-purple to yellowish-brown flowers. It’s like nature’s own magic trick – a plant that appears from seemingly nowhere, blooms beautifully, then vanishes back underground.

Where to Find This Elusive Beauty

This native orchid calls the American Southwest home, specifically Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. It prefers the dappled shade of oak woodlands and pine forests at higher elevations, where it can tap into the extensive underground fungal networks that keep it alive.

Why You Can’t (and Shouldn’t) Grow It

Here’s the important part: The spiked crested coralroot has a conservation status that indicates it may be uncommon or vulnerable in parts of its range. More importantly, this orchid simply cannot survive in typical garden conditions. Here’s why:

  • It requires specific mycorrhizal fungi that exist only in certain natural ecosystems
  • It depends on established tree root systems to access nutrients
  • It may only emerge above ground every few years
  • Removing it from its habitat would likely kill it

Instead of trying to bring this orchid to your garden, consider supporting the conservation of its natural habitats. These unique ecosystems support not just the spiked crested coralroot, but countless other native species.

How to Appreciate This Natural Wonder

If you’re lucky enough to live in or visit areas where this orchid grows, keep your eyes peeled during late spring and early summer. Look for that distinctive leafless stem with its spike of unusual flowers in oak and pine woodlands. Remember to observe from a distance and never disturb the plant or its habitat.

Better Alternatives for Your Native Garden

While you can’t grow the spiked crested coralroot, there are many other native plants from Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas that will thrive in cultivation and support local wildlife:

  • Desert marigold (Baileya multiradiata)
  • Penstemon species
  • Native milkweeds (Asclepias species)
  • Desert willow (Chilopsis linearis)

These alternatives will give you the satisfaction of growing native plants while supporting pollinators and other wildlife – something that’s much more achievable than trying to recreate the complex underground ecosystem that the spiked crested coralroot requires.

The Bottom Line

The spiked crested coralroot is one of those plants that reminds us that not everything in nature is meant to be cultivated. Sometimes the best way to appreciate a plant is to protect its wild habitat and marvel at its unique adaptations from a respectful distance. Consider it nature’s way of keeping some magic just for herself!

Spiked Crested Coralroot

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Orchidaceae Juss. - Orchid family

Genus

Hexalectris Raf. - crested coralroot

Species

Hexalectris arizonica (S.Watson) A.H. Kenn. & L.E. Watson - spiked crested coralroot

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA