North America Native Plant

Small Camas

Botanical name: Camassia quamash quamash

USDA symbol: CAQUQ

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene ssp. teapeae (H. St. John) H. St. John (CAQUT)  âš˜  Phalangium quamash Pursh (PHQU3)   

Small Camas: A Native Spring Beauty for Your Garden If you’re looking to add a touch of wild beauty to your garden while supporting local ecosystems, small camas might just be the perfect native plant for you. This charming perennial brings the essence of Pacific Northwest meadows right to your ...

Small Camas: A Native Spring Beauty for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add a touch of wild beauty to your garden while supporting local ecosystems, small camas might just be the perfect native plant for you. This charming perennial brings the essence of Pacific Northwest meadows right to your backyard with its stunning spring flower display.

What is Small Camas?

Small camas (Camassia quamash quamash) is a native North American bulb that belongs to the lily family. Don’t let the small in its name fool you – this plant packs quite a visual punch when it blooms! As a herbaceous perennial, it dies back to the ground each winter and emerges fresh each spring, ready to put on another spectacular show.

Where Does Small Camas Call Home?

This delightful native has quite an impressive range across North America. You’ll find small camas naturally growing throughout the Pacific Northwest and into the northern Rocky Mountains, including Alberta, British Columbia, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington. It’s truly a plant that knows how to make itself at home across diverse landscapes.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

Small camas is like nature’s own fireworks display, sending up tall spikes of beautiful blue to purple flowers in late spring. The blooms create a stunning carpet effect when planted in groups, mimicking the natural meadow landscapes where they thrive. But the beauty isn’t just for us humans – these flowers are absolute magnets for pollinators including native bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects.

The plant’s grass-like foliage provides a subtle backdrop throughout the growing season, blending seamlessly with other native plants and adding texture to garden beds.

Perfect Spots in Your Landscape

Small camas shines in several garden settings:

  • Native plant gardens and prairie restorations
  • Woodland edges and naturalized areas
  • Meadow-style plantings
  • Rain gardens and areas with seasonal moisture
  • Mixed perennial borders for a wild, natural look

Growing Conditions That Make Small Camas Happy

This adaptable native is surprisingly easy to please. Small camas thrives in USDA hardiness zones 3-8, making it suitable for a wide range of climates. Here’s what it loves:

  • Light: Partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Moist, well-draining soil (though it can tolerate some clay)
  • Water: Appreciates consistent moisture during growing season, can handle drier conditions when dormant
  • pH: Adaptable to various soil pH levels

Planting and Care Tips

Getting started with small camas is refreshingly straightforward:

Planting: Plant bulbs in fall, about 4-6 inches deep and 4-6 inches apart. This gives them time to establish their root system before winter.

Watering: Keep soil consistently moist during the growing season (spring through early summer), but don’t worry about watering once the foliage dies back.

Fertilizing: These native beauties typically don’t need fertilizer if planted in reasonably good soil.

Maintenance: Here’s the best part – small camas is incredibly low-maintenance! Simply allow the foliage to die back naturally after blooming. This helps the bulb store energy for next year’s show.

Propagation: Small camas will slowly naturalize by producing offsets, creating larger colonies over time.

A Few Things to Keep in Mind

Small camas is generally pest and disease-free, making it a reliable choice for beginning native plant gardeners. The main thing to remember is patience – like many bulbs, it may take a year or two to become fully established and reach its full blooming potential.

Also, while the bulbs were historically an important food source for indigenous peoples, it’s crucial to never harvest from wild populations or planted gardens without proper knowledge and permission.

The Bottom Line

Small camas offers the perfect combination of stunning beauty, ecological benefits, and easy care that makes it a winner for any native plant enthusiast. Whether you’re creating a pollinator haven, restoring a natural area, or simply wanting to add some authentic Pacific Northwest charm to your garden, this native beauty delivers on all fronts. Plus, knowing you’re supporting local ecosystems while enjoying those gorgeous spring blooms? That’s what we call a win-win!

Small Camas

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Liliales

Family

Liliaceae Juss. - Lily family

Genus

Camassia Lindl. - camas

Species

Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene - small camas

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA