North America Native Plant

Small Camas

Botanical name: Camassia quamash azurea

USDA symbol: CAQUA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene var. azurea (A. Heller) C.L. Hitchc. (CAQUA2)  âš˜  Quamasia azurea A. Heller (QUAZ)   

Small Camas: A Rare Pacific Northwest Native Worth Knowing If you’re passionate about native plants and happen to live in the Pacific Northwest, you might have stumbled across references to small camas – a charming but lesser-known member of the camas family. While its more famous cousin, common camas, gets ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T2T4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Subspecies or varieties is apparently secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the region or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Small Camas: A Rare Pacific Northwest Native Worth Knowing

If you’re passionate about native plants and happen to live in the Pacific Northwest, you might have stumbled across references to small camas – a charming but lesser-known member of the camas family. While its more famous cousin, common camas, gets most of the attention, small camas (Camassia quamash azurea) deserves a closer look, though with some important caveats.

What Is Small Camas?

Small camas is a perennial forb – essentially a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. Unlike shrubs or trees, forbs like small camas don’t develop thick, woody stems above ground. Instead, they survive winter by storing energy in underground structures and send up fresh growth each spring.

This native plant goes by the botanical name Camassia quamash azurea, and you might occasionally see it listed under its synonyms Camassia quamash var. azurea or Quamasia azurea in older references.

Where Does Small Camas Call Home?

Small camas has a surprisingly limited native range for a North American native. You’ll find this plant naturally occurring only in British Columbia, Canada, and Washington state. This restricted distribution is part of what makes it special – and potentially concerning from a conservation standpoint.

The Rarity Factor: Why This Matters

Here’s where things get important for conscientious gardeners. Small camas carries a global conservation status of S5T2T4, which indicates some level of rarity concern. While the exact meaning of this ranking isn’t clearly defined in available resources, any plant with such a limited geographic range deserves our respect and careful consideration.

If you’re interested in growing small camas, please ensure you source it responsibly. This means:

  • Purchase only from reputable native plant nurseries
  • Verify that plants are nursery-propagated, not wild-collected
  • Never harvest from wild populations
  • Consider supporting conservation efforts for this species

Should You Grow Small Camas?

The honest answer is: it depends on your commitment to responsible gardening. If you live within its native range (British Columbia or Washington) and can source it ethically, small camas could be a meaningful addition to a native plant collection. However, given its rarity and limited availability, most gardeners might want to consider its more widely available relatives.

For those outside its native range, this plant isn’t the best choice for your garden anyway – native plants perform best when grown within their natural geographic regions.

Growing Considerations

Unfortunately, specific growing requirements for Camassia quamash azurea are not well-documented in available resources. If you do manage to acquire this plant through responsible sources, you’ll likely need to work with specialized native plant growers or botanical experts familiar with Pacific Northwest camas species to ensure successful cultivation.

Better Alternatives for Most Gardeners

If the idea of growing camas appeals to you but small camas isn’t practical or available, consider these alternatives:

  • Common camas (Camassia quamash) – more widely available and better documented
  • Great camas (Camassia leichtlinii) – another beautiful Pacific Northwest native
  • Other regional native bulbs appropriate for your specific location

The Bottom Line

Small camas represents the fascinating diversity found within our native plant communities, even among closely related species. While it’s not a plant most gardeners will grow, knowing about it helps us appreciate the complexity of native ecosystems and the importance of conservation.

If you’re passionate about rare natives and live in its limited range, small camas might be worth seeking out – just remember to do so responsibly. For everyone else, there are plenty of other wonderful native plants that can bring the beauty of wild landscapes to your garden without conservation concerns.

Small Camas

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Liliales

Family

Liliaceae Juss. - Lily family

Genus

Camassia Lindl. - camas

Species

Camassia quamash (Pursh) Greene - small camas

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA