North America Native Plant

Siskiyou Indian Paintbrush

Botanical name: Castilleja miniata elata

USDA symbol: CAMIE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Castilleja elata Piper (CAEL10)   

Siskiyou Indian Paintbrush: A Rare Mountain Gem for Your Native Garden If you’re looking to add a splash of vibrant color to your native plant garden while supporting local ecosystems, the Siskiyou Indian paintbrush might just be the perfect choice. This stunning wildflower brings the beauty of the Siskiyou Mountains ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Siskiyou Indian Paintbrush: A Rare Mountain Gem for Your Native Garden

If you’re looking to add a splash of vibrant color to your native plant garden while supporting local ecosystems, the Siskiyou Indian paintbrush might just be the perfect choice. This stunning wildflower brings the beauty of the Siskiyou Mountains right to your backyard, though there are some important considerations to keep in mind before planting.

What is Siskiyou Indian Paintbrush?

Siskiyou Indian paintbrush (Castilleja miniata elata) is a perennial forb native to the lower 48 states, specifically found in California and Oregon. As a subspecies of the broader Castilleja miniata group, this plant is also known by its synonym Castilleja elata Piper. Like other members of the paintbrush family, it’s an herbaceous perennial that lacks woody tissue and maintains its growing points at or below ground level.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This beautiful wildflower calls the mountainous regions of California and Oregon home, particularly thriving in the unique ecosystem of the Siskiyou Mountains. Its limited geographical distribution makes it a special addition to gardens within its native range.

Important Rarity Considerations

Before you plant: Siskiyou Indian paintbrush has a Global Conservation Status of S5T3, indicating it has limited distribution and may face conservation concerns. If you’re interested in growing this plant, it’s crucial to source it only from reputable nurseries that propagate it responsibly rather than collecting from wild populations.

Why Grow Siskiyou Indian Paintbrush?

There are several compelling reasons to consider this native beauty for your garden:

  • Stunning visual appeal: Like other Indian paintbrushes, this species produces eye-catching tubular flowers in vibrant red-orange hues that create dramatic color displays
  • Native plant benefits: Supporting local ecosystems by growing plants that naturally belong in your region
  • Pollinator magnet: The tubular flowers are perfectly designed to attract hummingbirds and butterflies
  • Low-maintenance perennial: Once established, it returns year after year with minimal care

Perfect Garden Settings

Siskiyou Indian paintbrush works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens
  • Wildflower meadows
  • Rock gardens
  • Mountain or alpine-style landscapes
  • Naturalized areas that mimic its mountain habitat

Growing Conditions and Care

Success with Siskiyou Indian paintbrush depends on recreating its natural mountain environment:

  • Sunlight: Prefers full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soils are essential – avoid waterlogged conditions
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 5-8, making it suitable for cooler mountain climates
  • Water: Moderate water needs, but excellent drainage is critical

Planting and Care Tips

Like many paintbrushes, this species can be somewhat challenging to establish, but with the right approach, you can enjoy success:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Ensure excellent soil drainage – consider raised beds or slopes if your soil tends to stay wet
  • Be patient during establishment – paintbrushes can be slow to get going but are worth the wait
  • Avoid over-fertilizing, as these plants prefer lean soils similar to their mountain habitat
  • Consider companion planting with other native species from similar habitats

Supporting Wildlife

Beyond its stunning appearance, Siskiyou Indian paintbrush plays an important role in supporting local wildlife, particularly serving as a nectar source for hummingbirds and various butterfly species. By growing this plant, you’re creating habitat and food sources that support the broader ecosystem.

The Bottom Line

Siskiyou Indian paintbrush is a spectacular choice for gardeners within its native range who want to support local ecosystems while enjoying vibrant wildflower displays. However, given its conservation status, responsible sourcing is essential. If you can find ethically propagated plants and provide the well-draining, sunny conditions it craves, this rare mountain beauty will reward you with years of stunning blooms and the satisfaction of supporting native biodiversity in your own backyard.

Siskiyou Indian Paintbrush

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Castilleja Mutis ex L. f. - Indian paintbrush

Species

Castilleja miniata Douglas ex Hook. - giant red Indian paintbrush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA