North America Native Plant

Shortfruit Willow

Botanical name: Salix brachycarpa var. brachycarpa

USDA symbol: SABRB7

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Salix brachycarpa Nutt. var. alticola E.H. Kelso (SABRA3)  âš˜  Salix brachycarpa Nutt. var. antimima (C.K. Schneid.) Raup (SABRA4)  âš˜  Salix brachycarpa Nutt. ssp. brachycarpa (SABRB6)  âš˜  Salix brachycarpa Nutt. var. glabellicarpa C.K. Schneid. (SABRG)  âš˜  Salix brachycarpa Nutt. var. sansonii C.R. Ball (SABRS)  âš˜  Salix chlorolepis Fernald var. antimima C.K. Schneid. (SACHA)  âš˜  Salix desertorum Richardson var. fruticulosa Andersson (SADEF)  âš˜  Salix desertorum Richardson var. stricta Andersson (SADES2)  âš˜  Salix stricta (Andersson) Rydb. (SAST10)   

Shortfruit Willow: A Hardy Native Shrub for Cold Climate Gardens Looking for a tough, low-maintenance native shrub that can handle whatever Mother Nature throws at it? Meet the shortfruit willow (Salix brachycarpa var. brachycarpa), a resilient little powerhouse that’s been quietly thriving in North America’s harshest environments long before any ...

Shortfruit Willow: A Hardy Native Shrub for Cold Climate Gardens

Looking for a tough, low-maintenance native shrub that can handle whatever Mother Nature throws at it? Meet the shortfruit willow (Salix brachycarpa var. brachycarpa), a resilient little powerhouse that’s been quietly thriving in North America’s harshest environments long before any of us started worrying about our garden’s survival.

What Makes Shortfruit Willow Special?

This perennial shrub is the definition of small but mighty. As a multi-stemmed woody plant typically staying under 13-16 feet tall, shortfruit willow brings all the benefits of larger willows in a more manageable package. Don’t let its modest size fool you – this native has adapted to survive in some pretty challenging places, making it an excellent choice for gardeners dealing with difficult growing conditions.

Where Does It Call Home?

Shortfruit willow is a true North American native, naturally occurring across an impressive range that spans both Canada and the United States. You’ll find this hardy shrub growing wild from the northern territories of Canada (including Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon, and Northwest Territories) down through the western United States in California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

Why Your Garden (and Local Wildlife) Will Love It

Here’s where shortfruit willow really shines as a garden addition. This native shrub serves multiple purposes that make it a smart choice for environmentally conscious gardeners:

  • Early spring catkins provide crucial nectar and pollen when few other plants are blooming
  • Natural erosion control with its spreading root system
  • Low-maintenance once established
  • Authentic native plant for restoration projects
  • Adds natural texture and seasonal interest

Perfect Garden Situations

Shortfruit willow isn’t trying to be the star of your formal garden – and that’s exactly what makes it so valuable. This shrub excels in:

  • Alpine and rock gardens where toughness matters more than showiness
  • Native plant gardens focused on regional authenticity
  • Naturalistic landscapes that mimic wild environments
  • Problem areas where other plants struggle
  • Wildlife-friendly gardens prioritizing ecological function

Growing Shortfruit Willow Successfully

The good news about shortfruit willow? It’s remarkably forgiving. This shrub thrives in USDA hardiness zones 2-6, making it perfect for cold climate gardeners who’ve watched too many hardy plants fail to live up to their promises.

For best results, give your shortfruit willow:

  • Full sun to partial shade (it’s not picky)
  • Moist to wet soils – think of where willows naturally grow
  • Space to spread as it develops multiple stems
  • Minimal fussing once it’s established

Planting and Care Tips

Plant shortfruit willow in spring when the soil is workable but still retains good moisture. The most important thing to remember is water – while this shrub is tough, it performs best with consistent moisture, especially during its first growing season.

Pruning is minimal and mostly optional. If you need to shape it or remove any damaged branches, early spring before new growth begins is your best bet. The beauty of native plants like shortfruit willow is that they’ve evolved to thrive without constant human intervention.

Is Shortfruit Willow Right for Your Garden?

If you’re gardening in zones 2-6 and want a reliable native that supports local wildlife while requiring minimal care, shortfruit willow deserves serious consideration. It’s not going to win any flashy flower contests, but it will quietly do its job year after year, providing early-season pollinator food and adding authentic native character to your landscape.

This shrub is particularly valuable for gardeners interested in ecological gardening, restoration work, or simply having plants that truly belong in their local environment. Sometimes the most rewarding garden additions are the ones that work with nature instead of against it – and shortfruit willow is definitely one of those plants.

Shortfruit Willow

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Salicales

Family

Salicaceae Mirb. - Willow family

Genus

Salix L. - willow

Species

Salix brachycarpa Nutt. - shortfruit willow

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA