North America Native Plant

Sharpleaf Valerian

Botanical name: Valeriana acutiloba var. acutiloba

USDA symbol: VAACA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Valeriana capitata Pall. ex Link ssp. acutiloba (Rydb.) F.G. Mey. (VACAA)   

Sharpleaf Valerian: A Hardy Native Beauty for Western Gardens If you’re looking for a resilient native plant that can handle tough conditions while still bringing delicate beauty to your landscape, let me introduce you to sharpleaf valerian (Valeriana acutiloba var. acutiloba). This unassuming perennial might not be the showiest plant ...

Sharpleaf Valerian: A Hardy Native Beauty for Western Gardens

If you’re looking for a resilient native plant that can handle tough conditions while still bringing delicate beauty to your landscape, let me introduce you to sharpleaf valerian (Valeriana acutiloba var. acutiloba). This unassuming perennial might not be the showiest plant in the garden center, but it’s exactly the kind of reliable, low-maintenance native that seasoned gardeners learn to appreciate.

What is Sharpleaf Valerian?

Sharpleaf valerian is a perennial forb – essentially a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. As a native species to the lower 48 states, it has naturally adapted to thrive in challenging conditions that would make other plants throw in the towel. You might also encounter it listed under its synonym Valeriana capitata Pall. ex Link ssp. acutiloba in some older botanical references.

Where Does It Grow Naturally?

This hardy native calls the western United States home, naturally occurring across Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming. If you live in these regions, you’re working with a plant that’s already perfectly suited to your local climate and soil conditions.

Why Choose Sharpleaf Valerian for Your Garden?

Here’s where sharpleaf valerian really shines – it’s the definition of a low-maintenance plant. Once established, this drought-tolerant beauty asks for very little while giving back plenty:

  • Delicate clusters of small white to pale pink flowers that add subtle elegance
  • Attractive compound leaves with a feathery, textured appearance
  • Excellent pollinator magnet, drawing butterflies, bees, and other beneficial insects
  • Perfect for challenging spots like rock gardens and slopes
  • Minimal water requirements after establishment

Where to Use Sharpleaf Valerian in Your Landscape

This versatile native works beautifully in several garden styles:

  • Rock gardens: Its natural preference for rocky, well-draining soil makes it a perfect fit
  • Native plant gardens: An authentic choice for western native landscapes
  • Xeriscapes: Ideal for water-wise gardening
  • Naturalized areas: Great for creating low-maintenance naturalized spaces
  • Slope stabilization: Helps prevent erosion while adding beauty

Growing Conditions and Care

Sharpleaf valerian is happiest in USDA hardiness zones 3-8, making it suitable for a wide range of climates from cold mountain regions to more temperate areas. Here’s what it prefers:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining, rocky or sandy soils (avoid heavy clay that stays wet)
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established; minimal watering needed
  • Maintenance: Extremely low – may naturally go dormant during extreme heat

Planting and Care Tips

Getting sharpleaf valerian established in your garden is refreshingly straightforward:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost
  • Choose a spot with good drainage – this is non-negotiable
  • Water regularly the first season to help establish roots
  • Once established, back off on watering – this plant prefers to be on the dry side
  • Don’t worry if it goes dormant during hot summer months – this is normal behavior
  • Minimal fertilization needed; too much can actually reduce flowering

Benefits to Wildlife and Pollinators

One of the best reasons to choose sharpleaf valerian is its value to local wildlife. The fragrant flowers are particularly attractive to butterflies and smaller native bees, making it an excellent addition to pollinator gardens. As a native species, it provides the kind of authentic habitat that local wildlife has evolved alongside.

Is Sharpleaf Valerian Right for Your Garden?

If you’re gardening in the western United States and looking for a reliable, low-maintenance native that supports local pollinators, sharpleaf valerian deserves serious consideration. It’s not going to be the star of your garden, but it’s the kind of steady, dependable plant that forms the backbone of successful native landscapes.

However, if you’re looking for a plant with bold, showy flowers or you garden in heavy clay soil with poor drainage, you might want to consider other options. This plant really does best when you can meet its preference for well-draining conditions.

For western gardeners ready to embrace the beauty of natives and the ease of working with plants perfectly adapted to their region, sharpleaf valerian offers a wonderful combination of subtle charm, ecological value, and refreshing simplicity.

Sharpleaf Valerian

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Dipsacales

Family

Valerianaceae Batsch - Valerian family

Genus

Valeriana L. - valerian

Species

Valeriana acutiloba Rydb. - sharpleaf valerian

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA