North America Native Plant

Screwtree

Botanical name: Helicteres jamaicensis

USDA symbol: HEJA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Screwtree: A Caribbean Native Shrub Worth Discovering If you’re looking to add a touch of Caribbean flair to your tropical garden, the screwtree (Helicteres jamaicensis) might just be the unique native plant you’ve been searching for. This perennial shrub brings an authentic slice of the Caribbean to landscapes in the ...

Screwtree: A Caribbean Native Shrub Worth Discovering

If you’re looking to add a touch of Caribbean flair to your tropical garden, the screwtree (Helicteres jamaicensis) might just be the unique native plant you’ve been searching for. This perennial shrub brings an authentic slice of the Caribbean to landscapes in the warmest regions of the United States.

What Is Screwtree?

Screwtree is a multi-stemmed woody shrub that typically grows to heights of 13-16 feet, though it can sometimes reach beyond this range depending on growing conditions. As a perennial, this plant provides year-round structure to your landscape, making it a reliable backbone for tropical garden designs.

The plant gets its common name screwtree from characteristics that are distinctive to the Helicteres genus, though specific details about this particular species’ unique features are still being documented by botanists and horticulturists.

Native Status and Geographic Distribution

Screwtree is a true native of the Caribbean, specifically found in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. This makes it an excellent choice for gardeners in these regions who want to support local ecosystems and plant authentic native species.

Why Consider Screwtree for Your Garden?

Here are several compelling reasons to consider this Caribbean native:

  • Authentic native choice: Support local ecosystems by choosing a plant that naturally belongs in your region
  • Tropical character: Adds genuine Caribbean authenticity to your landscape
  • Manageable size: At 13-16 feet, it provides substantial presence without overwhelming smaller spaces
  • Perennial reliability: Offers consistent structure and presence year after year

Growing Conditions and Care

As a Caribbean native, screwtree is best suited for tropical and subtropical climates, likely thriving in USDA hardiness zones 10-11. Given its natural habitat, it presumably prefers:

  • Warm temperatures year-round
  • High humidity levels typical of tropical regions
  • Protection from frost and freezing temperatures
  • Well-draining soil that doesn’t stay waterlogged

Garden Design and Landscape Use

With its shrub form and moderate height, screwtree can serve multiple roles in your Caribbean garden:

  • Specimen planting for focal interest
  • Background planting in mixed borders
  • Natural screening when planted in groups
  • Addition to native plant collections

A Note for Gardeners

While screwtree offers the appeal of being a true Caribbean native, it’s worth noting that detailed horticultural information about this specific species is still limited. This makes it somewhat of a gardening adventure for those willing to experiment with lesser-known native plants.

If you’re interested in growing screwtree, consider connecting with local native plant societies, botanical gardens, or university extension services in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands. These organizations may have more specific growing experience and could potentially help with sourcing.

The Bottom Line

Screwtree represents an opportunity to grow something truly unique and authentically Caribbean in your tropical landscape. While we’re still learning about its specific horticultural needs, its status as a native species makes it a valuable addition for gardeners committed to supporting local plant communities. Just be prepared for a bit of gardening detective work as you learn to grow this intriguing native shrub!

Screwtree

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Malvales

Family

Sterculiaceae Vent. - Cacao family

Genus

Helicteres L. - helicteres

Species

Helicteres jamaicensis Jacq. - screwtree

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA