North America Native Plant

Schofieldia Monticola

Botanical name: Schofieldia monticola

USDA symbol: SCMO11

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Schofieldia monticola: A Rare Mountain Liverwort Worth Knowing Meet Schofieldia monticola, a fascinating little liverwort that calls North America’s mountainous regions home. While you won’t find this tiny green treasure at your local garden center, understanding what it is and where it grows can deepen your appreciation for the incredible ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Schofieldia monticola: A Rare Mountain Liverwort Worth Knowing

Meet Schofieldia monticola, a fascinating little liverwort that calls North America’s mountainous regions home. While you won’t find this tiny green treasure at your local garden center, understanding what it is and where it grows can deepen your appreciation for the incredible diversity of plant life in our native ecosystems.

What Exactly Is Schofieldia monticola?

Schofieldia monticola is a liverwort – one of those often-overlooked members of the plant kingdom that includes mosses, hornworts, and their relatives. Think of liverworts as some of nature’s earliest land plants, simple yet remarkably resilient. Unlike the flowering plants we’re used to seeing in our gardens, liverworts don’t produce flowers, seeds, or even true roots.

This particular species is what botanists call terrestrial, meaning it grows on land rather than in water. You’ll typically find it creating small, flattened patches attached to rocks, fallen logs, or occasionally soil surfaces in its mountain habitat.

Where Does It Call Home?

As its species name monticola suggests (meaning mountain-dwelling), this liverwort is native to the mountainous regions of western North America. It thrives in the cool, moist conditions found at higher elevations, where the air stays humid and temperatures remain relatively stable.

A Word of Caution: This One’s Vulnerable

Here’s something important to know about Schofieldia monticola – it’s considered vulnerable with a Global Conservation Status of S3. This means it’s quite rare, with typically only 21 to 100 known occurrences and between 3,000 to 10,000 individual plants in the wild. That makes it a species of conservation concern.

If you’re lucky enough to encounter this liverwort in the wild, please observe and photograph it, but leave it undisturbed. Its rarity means every population is precious for the species’ survival.

How to Identify Schofieldia monticola

Spotting this liverwort requires a keen eye and possibly a magnifying glass! Look for:

  • Small, flattened green patches or mats
  • Simple, leaf-like structures without the complexity of flowering plants
  • Growth on rocky surfaces, rotting wood, or occasionally soil
  • Presence in cool, shaded, mountainous environments
  • Herbaceous (non-woody) texture that stays green year-round where conditions allow

Is It Beneficial to Gardens?

While Schofieldia monticola isn’t something you’d typically cultivate in a traditional garden setting, liverworts like this one do play important ecological roles:

  • They help prevent soil erosion on slopes and rock faces
  • They contribute to nutrient cycling in their ecosystems
  • They provide microhabitats for tiny invertebrates
  • They indicate healthy, unpolluted environments

Can You Grow It?

Honestly? Growing Schofieldia monticola is extremely challenging and not recommended for several reasons. First, its vulnerable conservation status means we should leave wild populations undisturbed. Second, liverworts require very specific environmental conditions that are nearly impossible to replicate in most garden settings.

If you’re interested in supporting bryophyte diversity in your landscape, consider creating conditions that encourage common, locally native mosses and liverworts instead. Maintain moist, shaded areas with natural materials like logs and rocks, and avoid using chemicals that might harm these sensitive plants.

The Bottom Line

Schofieldia monticola is one of those special plants that reminds us how much biodiversity exists beyond our typical garden borders. While you probably won’t be growing it anytime soon, knowing about rare species like this helps us appreciate the intricate web of plant life in our native ecosystems.

If you’re hiking in western mountain regions, keep your eyes peeled for small green patches on rocks and logs – you might just spot this vulnerable little liverwort doing its quiet but important work in the wild.

Schofieldia Monticola

Classification

Group

Liverwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Hepaticophyta - Liverworts

Subdivision

Hepaticae

Class

Hepaticopsida

Subclass

Jungermanniae

Order

Jungermanniales

Family

Cephaloziaceae Mig.

Genus

Schofieldia J.D. Godfrey

Species

Schofieldia monticola J.D. Godfrey

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA