North America Native Plant

Scarlet Cinquefoil

Botanical name: Potentilla thurberi var. thurberi

USDA symbol: POTHT

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Scarlet Cinquefoil: A Hidden Gem for Southwestern Native Gardens If you’re looking for a charming native wildflower that doesn’t demand much attention but delivers plenty of personality, let me introduce you to scarlet cinquefoil (Potentilla thurberi var. thurberi). This delightful little perennial might not be the showiest plant in your ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4T3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Scarlet Cinquefoil: A Hidden Gem for Southwestern Native Gardens

If you’re looking for a charming native wildflower that doesn’t demand much attention but delivers plenty of personality, let me introduce you to scarlet cinquefoil (Potentilla thurberi var. thurberi). This delightful little perennial might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it’s got that quiet confidence that makes it absolutely perfect for gardeners who appreciate understated beauty.

What Makes Scarlet Cinquefoil Special?

Scarlet cinquefoil is a true native of the American Southwest, calling Arizona and New Mexico home. As a herbaceous perennial forb, it’s the kind of plant that comes back year after year without making a fuss about it. The scarlet in its name gives away its most attractive feature – those lovely red flowers that pop up during blooming season, each sporting the classic five-petaled cinquefoil look that makes identification a breeze.

This plant grows naturally in Arizona and New Mexico, where it has adapted beautifully to the challenging conditions of the high desert and mountainous regions. Its native status makes it an excellent choice for gardeners wanting to support local ecosystems and create landscapes that truly belong to their region.

Why You Might Want to Grow Scarlet Cinquefoil

Here’s where scarlet cinquefoil really shines – it’s practically the definition of low-maintenance gardening. Once established, this tough little plant can handle drought conditions like a champ, making it perfect for water-wise landscaping. The bright red blooms are magnets for native bees and other small pollinators, so you’ll be doing your local ecosystem a favor while adding color to your garden.

Scarlet cinquefoil works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens and naturalized areas
  • Rock gardens where its compact size fits perfectly
  • Xeriscaping projects focused on water conservation
  • Wildflower meadows with other southwestern natives

A Word of Caution: Rarity Considerations

Before you get too excited about adding this beauty to your garden, there’s something important to consider. Scarlet cinquefoil has a somewhat uncertain conservation status, which suggests it might be less common in the wild than we’d like. If you’re planning to grow this plant, please make sure you source it from reputable nurseries that propagate their plants responsibly rather than collecting from wild populations.

Growing Scarlet Cinquefoil Successfully

The good news is that scarlet cinquefoil is generally hardy in USDA zones 4-8, though it performs best in conditions similar to its native habitat. Think full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil – it’s not particularly picky about soil type, but it definitely doesn’t like to sit in water.

Planting and Care Tips

Getting scarlet cinquefoil established in your garden is refreshingly straightforward:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost for best establishment
  • Choose a location with good drainage – soggy soil is this plant’s nemesis
  • Water regularly the first growing season, then gradually reduce as the plant establishes
  • Once established, it’s remarkably drought tolerant and needs minimal supplemental watering
  • Deadheading spent flowers can encourage continued blooming
  • Very little fertilizer needed – this plant is adapted to lean soils

The Bottom Line

Scarlet cinquefoil might not be the easiest native plant to find at your local garden center, but it’s definitely worth seeking out if you live in the Southwest and want to add authentic regional character to your landscape. It’s the kind of plant that rewards patient gardeners with years of reliable blooms and the satisfaction of knowing you’re growing something that truly belongs in your local ecosystem.

Just remember to source it responsibly, give it the well-drained conditions it craves, and then step back and let this tough little native do what it does best – quietly making your garden a more beautiful and ecologically valuable space.

Scarlet Cinquefoil

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Potentilla L. - cinquefoil

Species

Potentilla thurberi A. Gray - scarlet cinquefoil

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA