North America Native Plant

Scarlet Cinquefoil

Botanical name: Potentilla thurberi var. atrorubens

USDA symbol: POTHA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Scarlet Cinquefoil: A Hidden Gem of the Southwest If you’re looking to add a touch of authentic southwestern charm to your garden, let me introduce you to scarlet cinquefoil (Potentilla thurberi var. atrorubens). This delightful native perennial might not be on every gardener’s radar, but it deserves a spot in ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4T3?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Scarlet Cinquefoil: A Hidden Gem of the Southwest

If you’re looking to add a touch of authentic southwestern charm to your garden, let me introduce you to scarlet cinquefoil (Potentilla thurberi var. atrorubens). This delightful native perennial might not be on every gardener’s radar, but it deserves a spot in gardens across Arizona and New Mexico—and here’s why.

What Makes Scarlet Cinquefoil Special?

Scarlet cinquefoil is a true native of the American Southwest, naturally occurring in Arizona and New Mexico. As its common name suggests, this plant likely showcases beautiful reddish blooms that can add a pop of color to native plant gardens. The variety name atrorubens literally means dark red, hinting at the rich coloration that makes this plant so appealing.

This herbaceous perennial belongs to the rose family and grows as a forb—essentially a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. Unlike shrubs or trees, it doesn’t develop thick, woody stems, making it perfect for layering in garden designs.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

In nature, you can spot scarlet cinquefoil growing in Arizona and New Mexico, where it has adapted to the unique climate and soil conditions of the Southwest. This limited native range makes it a true regional specialty.

A Word of Caution: Rarity Matters

Here’s something important every responsible gardener should know: scarlet cinquefoil has a conservation status that suggests it may be uncommon in the wild. Before adding this beauty to your garden, make sure you’re sourcing it from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their plants rather than collecting from wild populations. We want to enjoy these plants in our gardens while also protecting them in their natural habitats.

Why Consider Scarlet Cinquefoil for Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons to give this native a try:

  • True regional native: It’s perfectly adapted to southwestern growing conditions
  • Perennial reliability: Once established, it should return year after year
  • Low-maintenance appeal: Native plants typically require less water and care than non-natives
  • Conservation value: Growing rare natives helps preserve genetic diversity
  • Authentic landscape: Perfect for native plant gardens and naturalistic designs

Best Garden Settings

Scarlet cinquefoil works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens
  • Xeriscape designs
  • Naturalistic landscapes
  • Rock gardens
  • Mixed perennial borders with other southwestern natives

Growing Scarlet Cinquefoil Successfully

While specific growing information for this variety is limited, most Potentilla species prefer:

  • Sun exposure: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soil (essential in the Southwest)
  • Water: Moderate water needs once established
  • Climate: Adapted to southwestern conditions with hot summers and mild winters

Planting and Care Tips

When you’re ready to add scarlet cinquefoil to your garden:

  • Source plants from reputable native plant nurseries
  • Plant in fall or early spring for best establishment
  • Provide regular water the first year while roots establish
  • Mulch around plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Allow plants to go dormant naturally in winter

The Bottom Line

Scarlet cinquefoil represents the kind of plant treasure that makes native gardening so rewarding. Yes, it might require a bit more effort to source responsibly, and you’ll need to be patient as you learn its preferences. But for gardeners in Arizona and New Mexico who want to create authentic, sustainable landscapes, this rare native offers the chance to grow something truly special while supporting conservation efforts.

Just remember: when you choose rare natives like scarlet cinquefoil, you’re not just creating a beautiful garden—you’re becoming a steward of your region’s natural heritage. And that’s pretty amazing, don’t you think?

Scarlet Cinquefoil

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Potentilla L. - cinquefoil

Species

Potentilla thurberi A. Gray - scarlet cinquefoil

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA