North America Native Plant

Santa Rita Mountain Bean

Botanical name: Phaseolus ritensis

USDA symbol: PHRI

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Santa Rita Mountain Bean: A Rare Native Treasure Worth Protecting Meet the Santa Rita Mountain bean (Phaseolus ritensis), one of Arizona’s most elusive native plants. This little-known perennial herb represents the kind of botanical treasure that makes native plant enthusiasts’ hearts skip a beat – and also makes us want ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3S4: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Santa Rita Mountain Bean: A Rare Native Treasure Worth Protecting

Meet the Santa Rita Mountain bean (Phaseolus ritensis), one of Arizona’s most elusive native plants. This little-known perennial herb represents the kind of botanical treasure that makes native plant enthusiasts’ hearts skip a beat – and also makes us want to tread very carefully.

What Makes This Bean So Special?

The Santa Rita Mountain bean is a true Arizona native, belonging to the same plant family that gives us common garden beans. But unlike its cultivated cousins, this wild bean has adapted to life in Arizona’s unique mountain ecosystems over thousands of years. As a perennial forb (that’s fancy plant-speak for a non-woody plant that comes back year after year), it lacks the substantial woody stems of shrubs and trees, instead growing as an herbaceous plant.

Where to Find It (If You Can!)

This rare bean calls Arizona home, and based on its common name, it’s likely associated with the Santa Rita Mountain region. However, don’t expect to stumble across it on your next hiking trip – there’s a very good reason you’ve probably never heard of this plant before.

The Rarity Reality Check

Here’s where things get serious, fellow plant lovers. Phaseolus ritensis carries a Global Conservation Status of S3S4, which puts it somewhere between vulnerable and imperiled. In plain English? This plant is genuinely rare and potentially at risk.

What does this mean for gardeners? If you’re lucky enough to encounter seeds or plants of Santa Rita Mountain bean, proceed with extreme caution. Only consider growing it if you can absolutely verify that your source is:

  • Ethically and legally obtained
  • Not collected from wild populations
  • From a reputable conservation program or seed bank

The Information Gap

You might be wondering why this blog post feels a bit… sparse on growing details. That’s because reliable information about Santa Rita Mountain bean’s specific growing requirements, appearance, and cultivation needs is remarkably scarce. This scarcity itself tells a story – rare plants often remain mysteries even to botanists and horticulturists.

What we do know is that as a native Arizona perennial, it likely prefers:

  • Well-draining soils typical of mountain regions
  • Conditions that mimic its natural habitat
  • Minimal irrigation once established

Should You Grow It?

The honest answer? Probably not, and here’s why. Growing rare native plants requires more than just good intentions – it requires expertise, proper sourcing, and often special permits. For most home gardeners, the Santa Rita Mountain bean is better appreciated from afar and supported through habitat conservation efforts.

Instead, consider these more readily available native Arizona alternatives that offer similar ecological benefits:

  • Desert willow for butterfly attraction
  • Penstemon species for hummingbirds
  • Native lupines for nitrogen fixation

Supporting Conservation

The best way to help the Santa Rita Mountain bean? Support organizations working to protect Arizona’s native plant habitats. Sometimes the most loving thing we can do for a rare plant is to leave it be and work to preserve the wild spaces where it belongs.

If you’re passionate about growing native beans, focus on more common native species or help local botanical gardens and conservation groups with their rare plant programs. That way, you’re contributing to conservation rather than potentially putting pressure on wild populations.

The Santa Rita Mountain bean reminds us that not every native plant is meant for our gardens – and that’s perfectly okay. Some plants are meant to remain wild, serving as living symbols of the incredible diversity that makes the American Southwest such a botanical wonderland.

Santa Rita Mountain Bean

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Phaseolus L. - bean

Species

Phaseolus ritensis M.E. Jones - Santa Rita Mountain bean

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA