North America Native Plant

San Joaquin Dodder

Botanical name: Cuscuta brachycalyx

USDA symbol: CUBR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: vine

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

San Joaquin Dodder: A Rare California Native You Probably Shouldn’t Grow Meet the San Joaquin dodder (Cuscuta brachycalyx), one of California’s most unusual native plants. This perennial parasitic vine might look like a tangle of orange spaghetti draped over other plants, but it’s actually a fascinating example of nature’s more ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

San Joaquin Dodder: A Rare California Native You Probably Shouldn’t Grow

Meet the San Joaquin dodder (Cuscuta brachycalyx), one of California’s most unusual native plants. This perennial parasitic vine might look like a tangle of orange spaghetti draped over other plants, but it’s actually a fascinating example of nature’s more unconventional survival strategies. Before you get any ideas about adding this quirky native to your garden, though, there are some important things you should know.

What Makes San Joaquin Dodder Special

San Joaquin dodder is what botanists call a forb herb, but don’t let that fool you into thinking it’s your typical garden perennial. This plant is a parasitic vine that produces thin, thread-like orange to yellow stems that wrap around host plants like a botanical embrace that’s a little too clingy. In late summer, it produces small clusters of tiny white flowers that add a delicate touch to its otherwise alien appearance.

Unlike most plants that make their own food through photosynthesis, San Joaquin dodder has taken a different approach to life. It taps into other plants to get the nutrients it needs, making it completely dependent on its hosts for survival.

Where You’ll Find It (And Where You Won’t)

This native species calls California home, specifically the San Joaquin Valley and surrounding areas of the Central Valley. It’s perfectly adapted to California’s Mediterranean climate and naturally occurs in grasslands and scrublands where it can find suitable host plants.

Why You Should Think Twice About Growing It

Here’s where things get serious: San Joaquin dodder has a conservation status of S2S3, which means it’s considered rare to uncommon in the wild. This rarity status is a red flag for home gardeners. While we typically encourage growing native plants, rare species like this one require special consideration.

Even if you could source this plant responsibly, there are several practical reasons why San Joaquin dodder isn’t garden-friendly:

  • It’s parasitic and will attach to and potentially weaken your other plants
  • It requires specific host plants to survive
  • It’s adapted to very specific habitat conditions that are difficult to replicate
  • Its specialized growing requirements make it unsuitable for typical landscaping

Growing Conditions and Care

San Joaquin dodder thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9-10, particularly in California’s dry, Mediterranean climate. It prefers areas with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The plant needs host vegetation to survive and naturally occurs in grasslands and scrublands at lower elevations.

If you’re involved in habitat restoration or conservation work, this species requires extremely specialized knowledge and should only be handled by experienced professionals working with responsibly sourced, genetically appropriate material.

Benefits to Wildlife and Pollinators

While its small white flowers may provide nectar for some small insects and pollinators, San Joaquin dodder’s primary ecological value lies in its role within its native ecosystem rather than as a garden plant. Its rarity means that its ecological relationships are specialized and not easily replicated in cultivated settings.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

If you’re drawn to the idea of supporting California’s native plant diversity, there are many other native options that are better suited for home gardens and don’t carry the conservation concerns of rare species. Consider these California natives instead:

  • California poppies for orange color
  • Native bunch grasses for texture
  • Ceanothus species for wildlife value
  • Native salvias for pollinator benefits

The Bottom Line

San Joaquin dodder is undoubtedly a fascinating example of California’s botanical diversity, but it’s best appreciated in its natural habitat rather than in home gardens. Its rarity, specialized growing requirements, and parasitic nature make it unsuitable for typical landscaping projects. Instead of trying to grow this rare species, consider supporting its conservation by choosing other native plants for your garden and supporting organizations that work to protect California’s unique ecosystems.

Sometimes the best way to love a plant is to leave it where it belongs – in the wild, doing what it does best in its natural home.

San Joaquin Dodder

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Cuscutaceae Dumort. - Dodder family

Genus

Cuscuta L. - dodder

Species

Cuscuta brachycalyx (Yunck.) Yunck. - San Joaquin dodder

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA