North America Native Plant

San Clemente Island Milkvetch

Botanical name: Astragalus nevinii

USDA symbol: ASNE5

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

San Clemente Island Milkvetch: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting Meet the San Clemente Island milkvetch (Astragalus nevinii), one of California’s most exclusive native plants. This little-known perennial legume might not be a household name, but it’s a botanical treasure that deserves a spot in the conversation about rare native ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

San Clemente Island Milkvetch: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

Meet the San Clemente Island milkvetch (Astragalus nevinii), one of California’s most exclusive native plants. This little-known perennial legume might not be a household name, but it’s a botanical treasure that deserves a spot in the conversation about rare native plant conservation.

What Makes This Plant Special

The San Clemente Island milkvetch is what botanists call an endemic species – meaning it naturally occurs in only one place on Earth. In this case, that place is San Clemente Island, located about 60 miles off the coast of Southern California. Talk about having a very specific address!

This charming perennial produces clusters of small, pea-like flowers in shades of purple and pink that bloom against a backdrop of silvery-green compound leaves. While it may be small in stature, it’s big on character and ecological importance.

Geographic Distribution and Native Status

As a plant species native to the lower 48 states, specifically California, the San Clemente Island milkvetch has one of the most restricted ranges you’ll find. Its entire natural distribution is limited to San Clemente Island, making it a true island endemic.

Important Conservation Status

Before You Plant: Know the Rarity

Here’s something every gardener needs to know about this plant: Astragalus nevinii has a Global Conservation Status of S3, which means it’s considered Vulnerable. This classification indicates that the species is either very rare and local throughout its range, or faces other factors that make it vulnerable to extinction. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals total, this plant is genuinely rare.

If you’re interested in growing this species, please ensure you source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate from legally and ethically obtained seeds or cuttings. Never collect plants or seeds from wild populations.

Garden and Landscape Role

The San Clemente Island milkvetch is best suited for:

  • Specialized native plant collections
  • Rock gardens with excellent drainage
  • Conservation gardens focused on rare species
  • Coastal Mediterranean-style landscapes
  • Educational gardens highlighting California’s endemic flora

This isn’t a plant for every garden, but for the dedicated native plant enthusiast, it offers the opportunity to participate in conservation while enjoying a unique piece of California’s natural heritage.

Growing Conditions and Care

Climate Requirements:

The San Clemente Island milkvetch thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9-11, particularly in coastal Southern California environments. It’s adapted to the Mediterranean climate of its island home, with mild, wet winters and warm, dry summers.

Soil and Water Needs:

Excellent drainage is absolutely critical for this plant’s success. It evolved on an island with well-draining soils and won’t tolerate wet feet. Once established, it’s quite drought-tolerant, reflecting its adaptation to the semi-arid conditions of its native habitat.

Planting Tips:

  • Plant in fall or early spring
  • Choose a location with full sun to partial shade
  • Ensure soil drains quickly – consider raised beds or slopes
  • Space plants appropriately to allow for good air circulation
  • Water sparingly once established

Benefits to Pollinators and Wildlife

Like other members of the legume family, the San Clemente Island milkvetch provides valuable resources for native bees and other beneficial insects. Its flowers offer nectar and pollen, while the plant itself can host various native insects that have co-evolved with California’s flora.

As a nitrogen-fixing legume, it also contributes to soil health by partnering with beneficial bacteria to convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use.

Should You Grow This Plant?

The San Clemente Island milkvetch is definitely not for every gardener, but it might be perfect for you if:

  • You’re passionate about rare native plants
  • You want to participate in conservation efforts
  • You have the right growing conditions (coastal Southern California)
  • You can source the plant responsibly
  • You appreciate unique, lesser-known species

This plant represents more than just another addition to your garden – it’s a living piece of California’s irreplaceable natural heritage. By growing it responsibly, you’re not just creating beauty in your landscape; you’re participating in the preservation of one of our planet’s rarest plants.

Remember, with great rarity comes great responsibility. If you choose to grow the San Clemente Island milkvetch, you’re becoming a steward of a species that exists nowhere else on Earth. Now that’s what I call gardening with purpose!

San Clemente Island Milkvetch

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Astragalus L. - milkvetch

Species

Astragalus nevinii A. Gray - San Clemente Island milkvetch

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA