North America Native Plant

Russow’s Sphagnum

Botanical name: Sphagnum russowii

USDA symbol: SPRU6

Habit: nonvascular

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Sphagnum robustum (Warnst.) Röll (SPRO3)   

Russow’s Sphagnum: The Unsung Hero of Wetland Gardens Meet Russow’s sphagnum (Sphagnum russowii), a fascinating moss that might just be the perfect addition to your bog garden or wetland restoration project. While most gardeners focus on flashy flowers and towering trees, this humble moss quietly performs some pretty impressive tricks ...

Russow’s Sphagnum: The Unsung Hero of Wetland Gardens

Meet Russow’s sphagnum (Sphagnum russowii), a fascinating moss that might just be the perfect addition to your bog garden or wetland restoration project. While most gardeners focus on flashy flowers and towering trees, this humble moss quietly performs some pretty impressive tricks that could make your garden both more beautiful and more ecologically valuable.

What Exactly Is Russow’s Sphagnum?

Russow’s sphagnum is a native North American moss that belongs to the remarkable sphagnum family. Don’t let its simple appearance fool you – this little green wonder is actually a sophisticated plant that’s been perfecting its craft for millions of years. Unlike your typical garden plants, this moss doesn’t have roots in the traditional sense. Instead, it anchors itself to rocks, logs, or other solid surfaces while creating those characteristic spongy mats that feel like nature’s own carpet underfoot.

You might also see it listed under its scientific synonym, Sphagnum robustum, but don’t let that confuse you – it’s the same remarkable plant.

Where Does It Call Home?

This moss is a true North American native, and you’ll find it naturally occurring in New York state. It’s part of the boreal and subarctic moss communities that help define the character of northern wetlands and bogs.

Why Your Garden Might Love This Moss

Here’s where things get interesting. Russow’s sphagnum isn’t just a pretty face (though those dense, spongy mats ranging from pale green to reddish-brown are quite attractive). This moss is like having a natural water management system right in your garden. Sphagnum mosses are famous for their ability to hold water – we’re talking up to 20 times their dry weight! That makes them incredibly valuable for:

  • Bog gardens that need consistent moisture
  • Rain gardens designed to manage stormwater
  • Wetland restoration projects
  • Creating naturalistic groundcover in shady, moist areas

Spotting Russow’s Sphagnum in the Wild

If you’re out on a nature walk and want to identify this moss, look for dense, cushiony mats that feel remarkably spongy when you gently press them. The color can vary from pale green when it’s actively growing to reddish or brownish tones when it’s stressed or dormant. Unlike many mosses that form thin films, sphagnum creates those distinctive thick, bouncy carpets that are hard to miss once you know what you’re looking for.

Creating the Right Conditions

If you’re thinking about encouraging Russow’s sphagnum in your garden, you’ll need to think like a bog. This moss thrives in consistently moist to wet conditions with acidic soil or substrate. It’s happiest in partial shade and can handle the cooler conditions of USDA hardiness zones 2-6.

The key to success is maintaining that constant moisture – but here’s the trick: sphagnum mosses prefer soft water. If you have hard tap water, consider using rainwater or distilled water for the best results. Think of it as creating a little piece of the northern wilderness right in your backyard.

The Bottom Line

While Russow’s sphagnum won’t give you showy blooms or attract butterflies (mosses don’t flower, after all), it offers something different: a chance to create authentic wetland habitat that’s both beautiful and functional. If you’re working on a bog garden, rain garden, or wetland restoration project, this native moss could be exactly what you need to tie everything together naturally.

Plus, there’s something deeply satisfying about working with a plant that’s been quietly doing its job for millions of years. Sometimes the most unassuming garden residents turn out to be the most valuable ones.

Russow’s Sphagnum

Classification

Group

Moss

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Bryophyta - Mosses

Subdivision

Musci

Class

Sphagnopsida - Peat mosses

Subclass

Sphagnidae

Order

Sphagnales

Family

Sphagnaceae Dumort.

Genus

Sphagnum L. - sphagnum

Species

Sphagnum russowii Warnst. - Russow's sphagnum

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA