North America Native Plant

Rugel’s Nightshade

Botanical name: Solanum bahamense var. rugelii

USDA symbol: SOBAR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Rugel’s Nightshade: A Rare Native Treasure for Florida Gardens Meet Rugel’s nightshade (Solanum bahamense var. rugelii), a botanical gem that’s as unique as it is understated. This perennial shrub represents one of Florida’s special native plants – the kind that makes you feel like you’re in on a well-kept gardening ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S5THQ: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Uncertain taxonomy: ⚘ Secure: At very low or no risk of extinction in the jurisdiction due to a very extensive range, abundant populations or occurrences, with little to no concern from declines or threats. ⚘

Rugel’s Nightshade: A Rare Native Treasure for Florida Gardens

Meet Rugel’s nightshade (Solanum bahamense var. rugelii), a botanical gem that’s as unique as it is understated. This perennial shrub represents one of Florida’s special native plants – the kind that makes you feel like you’re in on a well-kept gardening secret. While it might not have the flashy appeal of more popular natives, this modest beauty has earned its place in the hearts of native plant enthusiasts who appreciate authenticity over showmanship.

What Makes Rugel’s Nightshade Special?

This native Florida shrub belongs to the nightshade family, but don’t let that intimidate you – it’s a perfectly respectable garden citizen. As a perennial, multi-stemmed woody plant, Rugel’s nightshade typically grows to a manageable size of 4-5 meters (13-16 feet) in height, though it often stays much smaller in garden settings. Its growth habit creates a naturally branched structure that adds texture and depth to native landscapes.

What truly sets this plant apart is its status as a Florida endemic – it’s found nowhere else in the world except the Sunshine State. This makes it incredibly special from a conservation standpoint and gives Florida gardeners the unique opportunity to grow something genuinely rare and locally significant.

Where Does It Call Home?

Rugel’s nightshade is exclusively native to Florida, where it has adapted to the state’s unique subtropical conditions. You’ll find this species naturally occurring in coastal hammocks and pineland areas, where it has evolved alongside other native Florida flora over thousands of years.

A Word About Rarity

Here’s something important to know: Rugel’s nightshade has a Global Conservation Status of S5THQ. While the specific meaning of this designation isn’t clearly defined in standard conservation databases, any plant with a specialized conservation status deserves our attention and respect. This means if you’re interested in growing this species, it’s crucial to source it responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs – never from wild populations.

Garden Appeal and Design Role

While Rugel’s nightshade might not win any beauty contests, it brings subtle charm to the right garden setting. Like other members of the Solanum family, it likely produces small, star-shaped flowers in white or pale purple hues. These modest blooms may not stop traffic, but they add delicate detail to native plantings and support local pollinators.

In landscape design, this shrub works best as:

  • An understory plant in native Florida gardens
  • Part of coastal restoration projects
  • A conversation piece in collections of rare native plants
  • A component of authentic pineland or hammock recreations

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its natural Florida habitat, Rugel’s nightshade likely thrives in:

  • Well-draining, sandy soils typical of Florida
  • Partial shade to dappled sunlight
  • USDA hardiness zones 9-11
  • Subtropical humidity and rainfall patterns

As with many Florida natives, this plant has probably evolved to handle the state’s wet summers and drier winters. Once established, it should be relatively low-maintenance, requiring minimal supplemental watering during dry periods.

Planting and Care Tips

If you’re fortunate enough to find Rugel’s nightshade from a reputable source, here are some general care guidelines:

  • Plant in well-draining soil – Florida’s sandy soils are ideal
  • Provide morning sun with afternoon shade protection
  • Water regularly during establishment, then reduce as the plant matures
  • Avoid heavy fertilization – native plants typically prefer lean soils
  • Allow natural leaf litter to accumulate around the base for moisture retention

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While specific wildlife benefits aren’t well-documented for this rare variety, native Solanum species typically support local ecosystems in important ways. The flowers likely attract small native pollinators, and the plant may provide habitat or food sources for specialized insects that have evolved alongside Florida’s native flora.

Should You Plant Rugel’s Nightshade?

This plant is perfect for gardeners who:

  • Are passionate about Florida’s native plant heritage
  • Want to grow something truly unique and rare
  • Are committed to supporting conservation through responsible gardening
  • Appreciate subtle beauty over showy displays

However, it might not be the best choice if you’re looking for dramatic visual impact or need a plant that’s readily available at every garden center. The rarity of Rugel’s nightshade means it requires more dedication to source and may need special care to establish successfully.

Remember, growing rare native plants is as much about stewardship as it is about gardening. By choosing to cultivate Rugel’s nightshade responsibly, you’re participating in the important work of preserving Florida’s unique botanical heritage for future generations – and that’s pretty special, don’t you think?

Rugel’s Nightshade

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Solanaceae Juss. - Potato family

Genus

Solanum L. - nightshade

Species

Solanum bahamense L. - Bahama nightshade

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA