North America Native Plant

Rugel’s False Pawpaw

Botanical name: Deeringothamnus rugelii

USDA symbol: DERU

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Asimina rugelii B.L. Rob. (ASRU11)   

Rugel’s False Pawpaw: A Rare Florida Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you may have heard whispers about one of Florida’s most endangered shrubs: Rugel’s false pawpaw (Deeringothamnus rugelii). This tiny treasure is so rare that spotting one in the wild is like finding a ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Rugel’s False Pawpaw: A Rare Florida Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, you may have heard whispers about one of Florida’s most endangered shrubs: Rugel’s false pawpaw (Deeringothamnus rugelii). This tiny treasure is so rare that spotting one in the wild is like finding a botanical unicorn. But before you get too excited about adding this perennial shrub to your garden, there are some important things you need to know.

A Plant on the Brink

Let’s address the elephant in the room right away: Rugel’s false pawpaw is critically endangered. With a Global Conservation Status of S1 and listed as Endangered in the United States, this species is hanging on by a thread. Typically, this status means there are only five or fewer occurrences in the wild, with very few remaining individuals—we’re talking fewer than 1,000 plants total. That’s pretty sobering when you think about it.

If you’re considering growing this plant, please only obtain it from responsibly sourced material through reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs. Never collect from the wild—every plant in its natural habitat is precious for the species’ survival.

Where Does It Call Home?

This Florida endemic is found exclusively in the Sunshine State, making it a true local specialty. Rugel’s false pawpaw grows naturally in Florida’s unique scrub habitats, where it has adapted to very specific conditions that are increasingly rare due to development and habitat loss.

What Does It Look Like?

Don’t expect a showstopper in the traditional sense. Rugel’s false pawpaw is a humble, low-growing shrub that typically stays under 1.5 feet tall and never exceeds 3 feet at maturity. It’s not going to dominate your landscape or provide dramatic seasonal color, but it has a quiet charm that appeals to native plant enthusiasts who appreciate subtlety.

The plant produces small, inconspicuous flowers and has simple leaves that give it an understated appearance. Think of it as the botanical equivalent of a rare vintage wine—not flashy, but incredibly special to those in the know.

Growing Conditions: It’s All About the Drainage

If you’re fortunate enough to obtain Rugel’s false pawpaw through proper channels, you’ll need to replicate its native scrub habitat conditions. This plant is quite particular about its growing requirements:

  • Well-draining sandy soils are absolutely essential
  • Full to partial sun exposure
  • Minimal water once established (it’s adapted to Florida’s dry scrub conditions)
  • USDA hardiness zones 9b through 11 (South Florida conditions)

The plant has a Facultative Wetland status in the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain region, meaning it usually occurs in wetlands but can also grow in non-wetland areas. However, the key is excellent drainage—soggy conditions will likely spell disaster for this scrub specialist.

Garden Role and Landscape Design

Rugel’s false pawpaw isn’t a plant you choose for curb appeal or to impress the neighbors. Instead, it’s perfect for:

  • Native plant collections focused on rare Florida species
  • Conservation gardens dedicated to preserving endangered plants
  • Educational landscapes that tell the story of Florida’s unique ecosystems
  • Specialized native plant gardens in South Florida

Its compact size makes it suitable for smaller spaces, and it can serve as a conversation starter about the importance of plant conservation.

Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

While specific data on wildlife benefits is limited due to the plant’s rarity, its flowers do attract small insects. As part of the pawpaw family (though in a different genus than the common pawpaw), it likely provides some ecological value to native pollinators that have co-evolved with Florida’s scrub habitats.

The Bottom Line: Conservation First

Should you grow Rugel’s false pawpaw? If you can obtain it responsibly and provide the right growing conditions, absolutely—you’ll be participating in conservation efforts for one of America’s rarest plants. Just remember that this isn’t a typical garden center purchase. You’ll need to work with specialized native plant nurseries or conservation organizations.

For most gardeners interested in supporting Florida natives, consider starting with more common (but still beautiful) native alternatives that provide similar ecological benefits without the conservation concerns. Your local native plant society can suggest appropriate substitutes that will still support local wildlife while being more readily available.

If you do grow Rugel’s false pawpaw, consider yourself a guardian of a truly special piece of Florida’s natural heritage. Just handle that responsibility with the care it deserves!

Rugel’s False Pawpaw

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Magnoliales

Family

Annonaceae Juss. - Custard-apple family

Genus

Deeringothamnus Small - false pawpaw

Species

Deeringothamnus rugelii (B.L. Rob.) Small - Rugel's false pawpaw

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA