North America Native Plant

Royal Larkspur

Botanical name: Delphinium variegatum thornei

USDA symbol: DEVAT

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Royal Larkspur: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting If you’re drawn to the dramatic spikes and vibrant colors of delphiniums, you might be curious about royal larkspur (Delphinium variegatum thornei). This particular subspecies is one of California’s botanical treasures, but before you start planning where to plant it, there are ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S4T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘

Royal Larkspur: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

If you’re drawn to the dramatic spikes and vibrant colors of delphiniums, you might be curious about royal larkspur (Delphinium variegatum thornei). This particular subspecies is one of California’s botanical treasures, but before you start planning where to plant it, there are some important things you should know about this rare native.

What Makes Royal Larkspur Special

Royal larkspur is a perennial forb – essentially a non-woody flowering plant that comes back year after year. Like other delphiniums, it lacks significant woody tissue and keeps its growing points at or below ground level, allowing it to survive through tough seasons and emerge again when conditions are right.

This plant is a true California native, found exclusively within the Golden State’s borders. Its limited range makes it a special representative of California’s unique flora, evolved specifically to thrive in local conditions that have existed for thousands of years.

The Rarity Factor: Why You Should Think Twice

Here’s where things get serious: royal larkspur has a conservation status of S4T2, indicating it’s considered rare and potentially vulnerable. This isn’t a plant you’ll find at your local garden center, nor should you expect to. Its rarity means that every individual plant in the wild is precious for maintaining genetic diversity and ecosystem balance.

If you’re absolutely set on growing this particular subspecies, you must – and we can’t stress this enough – only source it through reputable native plant societies or conservation organizations that can guarantee the material was ethically and legally obtained. Wild collection is not only harmful to remaining populations but may also be illegal.

Growing Challenges and Considerations

Even if you could source royal larkspur responsibly, growing it successfully presents significant challenges. As a rare subspecies adapted to very specific California conditions, it likely has particular soil, moisture, and climate requirements that can be difficult to replicate in typical garden settings.

Without well-documented cultivation practices for this specific subspecies, even experienced gardeners would be working with limited guidance on:

  • Optimal soil conditions and pH requirements
  • Specific watering needs throughout the seasons
  • Companion planting strategies
  • Pest and disease management
  • Successful propagation techniques

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Instead of pursuing this rare subspecies, consider these more readily available and well-suited alternatives:

  • Common Delphinium variegatum (the parent species) if available from native plant sources
  • Other California native larkspurs that are less rare and better documented
  • Native wildflowers with similar dramatic vertical growth and colorful blooms

These alternatives will give you beautiful results while supporting conservation efforts and working with plants that have established cultivation practices.

Supporting Conservation Instead

The best way to appreciate royal larkspur might not be growing it in your garden at all. Consider supporting its conservation through:

  • Donating to organizations working to protect California’s rare plants
  • Volunteering with habitat restoration projects
  • Choosing other native plants that support the same pollinators and wildlife
  • Learning about and visiting (respectfully) areas where rare California natives grow wild

The Bottom Line

Royal larkspur represents something special: a piece of California’s natural heritage that deserves our protection rather than our cultivation attempts. While the urge to grow rare and unusual plants is understandable, sometimes the most responsible choice is to admire from afar and choose more sustainable alternatives for our gardens.

Focus your native gardening energy on readily available California natives that will thrive in your specific conditions while still supporting local ecosystems. Your garden – and California’s rare plants – will thank you for it.

Royal Larkspur

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Ranunculales

Family

Ranunculaceae Juss. - Buttercup family

Genus

Delphinium L. - larkspur

Species

Delphinium variegatum Torr. & A. Gray - royal larkspur

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA