North America Native Plant

Roundleaf Eyebright

Botanical name: Euphrasia suborbicularis

USDA symbol: EUSU3

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Canada  

Synonyms: Euphrasia mollis (Ledeb.) Wettst. var. laurentiana B. Boivin (EUMOL2)   

Roundleaf Eyebright: A Delicate Canadian Wildflower Worth Knowing If you’re drawn to petite wildflowers with subtle charm, roundleaf eyebright (Euphrasia suborbicularis) might just capture your gardening heart. This dainty annual forb brings a touch of wild elegance to naturalized landscapes, though it’s definitely not your typical garden center find. What ...

Roundleaf Eyebright: A Delicate Canadian Wildflower Worth Knowing

If you’re drawn to petite wildflowers with subtle charm, roundleaf eyebright (Euphrasia suborbicularis) might just capture your gardening heart. This dainty annual forb brings a touch of wild elegance to naturalized landscapes, though it’s definitely not your typical garden center find.

What Is Roundleaf Eyebright?

Roundleaf eyebright is a small, herbaceous annual plant native to eastern Canada. As a forb, it lacks woody tissue and completes its entire life cycle in a single growing season. Don’t let its diminutive size fool you – this little plant packs plenty of character with its delicate white flowers adorned with purple markings.

You might occasionally see this plant listed under its synonym, Euphrasia mollis var. laurentiana, but roundleaf eyebright rolls off the tongue much more easily!

Where Does It Call Home?

This specialized wildflower has a rather exclusive address – it’s native to Quebec, Labrador, and Newfoundland in eastern Canada. Its limited geographic range makes it a true regional treasure, adapted to the cool, northern climate of these areas.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

Roundleaf eyebright shines in naturalized settings where its subtle beauty can be appreciated up close. The small white flowers with their distinctive purple markings create a charming display that fits perfectly in:

  • Wild meadow gardens
  • Naturalized landscape borders
  • Specialized native plant collections
  • Cool-climate wildflower displays

This isn’t a plant for formal borders or high-impact displays – its appeal lies in its delicate, understated presence that rewards careful observation.

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re lucky enough to live within its native range or in similar cool climates (USDA zones 2-5), roundleaf eyebright prefers:

  • Moist, well-draining soils
  • Slightly acidic conditions
  • Partial shade to full sun exposure
  • Cool temperatures throughout the growing season

As an annual, you’ll need to allow it to self-seed or collect seeds for replanting each year. Direct seeding in fall often works best, as the seeds benefit from cold stratification over winter.

Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

While small in stature, roundleaf eyebright does its part for local ecosystems by attracting small pollinators, including native bees and beneficial flies. These tiny visitors appreciate the accessible nectar and pollen sources that larger flowers might not provide.

Should You Grow Roundleaf Eyebright?

Consider growing it if:

  • You live in or near its native range in eastern Canada
  • You enjoy collecting and growing rare or specialized native plants
  • You have a naturalized area that could benefit from subtle wildflower additions
  • You appreciate plants with unique ecological relationships

You might want to skip it if:

  • You’re looking for bold, showy garden displays
  • You live in warmer climates where it’s unlikely to thrive
  • You prefer low-maintenance, reliable garden performers
  • You want plants with well-documented growing requirements

The Bottom Line

Roundleaf eyebright represents the kind of specialized native plant that appeals to dedicated wildflower enthusiasts and native plant collectors. While it may not be the easiest plant to grow or find, it offers a unique connection to the wild landscapes of eastern Canada.

If you’re outside its native range, consider supporting your local ecosystem by choosing native wildflowers that naturally occur in your area. Your local native plant society can point you toward equally charming alternatives that will thrive in your specific conditions while supporting local wildlife.

For those within its range, roundleaf eyebright offers a chance to cultivate a truly regional specialty – just remember that patience and a love for subtle beauty are essential ingredients for success!

Roundleaf Eyebright

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Euphrasia L. - eyebright

Species

Euphrasia suborbicularis P.D. Sell & Yeo - roundleaf eyebright

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA