North America Native Plant

Roundfruit Yellowcress

Botanical name: Rorippa sphaerocarpa

USDA symbol: ROSP4

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Nasturtium sphaerocarpum A. Gray (NASP)  âš˜  Radicula sphaerocarpa (A. Gray) Greene (RASP2)   

Roundfruit Yellowcress: A Hardy Native for Wet Spots in Your Garden If you’ve been scratching your head wondering what to plant in those persistently soggy spots in your yard, let me introduce you to a delightfully practical native: roundfruit yellowcress (Rorippa sphaerocarpa). This unassuming little annual might not win any ...

Roundfruit Yellowcress: A Hardy Native for Wet Spots in Your Garden

If you’ve been scratching your head wondering what to plant in those persistently soggy spots in your yard, let me introduce you to a delightfully practical native: roundfruit yellowcress (Rorippa sphaerocarpa). This unassuming little annual might not win any beauty contests, but it’s exactly the kind of hardworking plant that makes naturalistic gardens thrive.

What Is Roundfruit Yellowcress?

Roundfruit yellowcress is a native annual forb that belongs to the mustard family. As a forb, it’s an herbaceous plant without woody stems – think of it as nature’s version of a seasonal worker that shows up, does its job, and gracefully exits when the season ends. Don’t let the name fool you into thinking it’s related to watercress; while they’re both in the mustard family, this little guy is its own unique species.

You might occasionally see it listed under its former scientific names, including Nasturtium sphaerocarpum or Radicula sphaerocarpa, but botanists have settled on Rorippa sphaerocarpa as the accepted name.

Where Does It Call Home?

This hardy native has made itself comfortable across much of the western United States, thriving in Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming. It’s particularly well-adapted to the diverse climates and conditions found across these regions, from arid deserts to mountain valleys.

The Wet Spots Specialist

Here’s where roundfruit yellowcress really shines – it absolutely loves moisture. Depending on where you live, this plant has different relationships with water:

  • In the Arid West: It’s considered a facultative wetland plant, meaning it usually prefers wet spots but can handle some drier conditions
  • In the Great Plains: It’s an obligate wetland species, almost always found in consistently wet areas
  • In Western Mountains and Coastal areas: It’s more flexible, growing happily in both wet and moderately dry locations

What Does It Look Like?

Roundfruit yellowcress produces small, cheerful yellow flowers typical of the mustard family. While it won’t provide the showstopping blooms of a rose or the dramatic presence of a sunflower, it offers a subtle charm that works beautifully in naturalistic settings. The flowers are followed by small, round seed pods – hence the roundfruit part of its name.

Why Grow Roundfruit Yellowcress?

You might wonder why you’d want to invite this modest plant into your garden, and here’s the thing – it’s all about finding the right role for the right plant:

  • Native plant gardens: It supports local ecosystems and provides food for native insects
  • Rain gardens: Perfect for areas that collect runoff and stay moist
  • Wetland restoration: Helps stabilize soil in wet areas
  • Low-maintenance landscapes: Once established in suitable conditions, it pretty much takes care of itself
  • Pollinator support: The small flowers attract various beneficial insects, including small bees and flies

Growing Conditions and Care

The beauty of roundfruit yellowcress lies in its simplicity. This plant thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-9, making it suitable for most temperate regions where it naturally occurs.

Ideal growing conditions include:

  • Moist to wet soils (it really doesn’t like to dry out completely)
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Areas with consistent moisture, like the edges of ponds, rain gardens, or naturally boggy spots

Planting and Care Tips

Since roundfruit yellowcress is an annual, you’ll be growing it from seed each year, though it’s quite good at self-seeding once established:

  • Plant seeds in late fall or early spring when soil is naturally moist
  • Scatter seeds directly in the desired location – no need for careful spacing
  • Keep soil consistently moist during germination
  • Once established, it needs very little care beyond ensuring adequate moisture
  • Allow some plants to go to seed if you want them to return next year

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Roundfruit yellowcress is perfect for gardeners who want to work with nature rather than against it. If you have a wet spot that frustrates you every spring, this could be exactly what you need. It’s particularly well-suited for:

  • Naturalistic garden designs
  • Native plant enthusiasts
  • Rain gardens and bioswales
  • Areas where you want plant coverage with minimal maintenance
  • Gardeners looking to support local wildlife and pollinators

However, if you’re looking for showy blooms or a plant for dry, formal garden beds, you’ll probably want to look elsewhere.

The Bottom Line

Roundfruit yellowcress might not be the star of your garden, but it’s definitely a reliable supporting actor. In the right setting – particularly those challenging wet spots – it provides natural beauty, supports local ecosystems, and asks for very little in return. For native plant gardeners and anyone dealing with persistently moist areas, this humble annual deserves serious consideration. Sometimes the best plants are the ones that simply know how to thrive where they’re planted, and roundfruit yellowcress has certainly mastered that art.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Arid West

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Great Plains

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Roundfruit Yellowcress

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Rorippa Scop. - yellowcress

Species

Rorippa sphaerocarpa (A. Gray) Britton - roundfruit yellowcress

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA