North America Native Plant

Roughhairy Maiden Fern

Botanical name: Thelypteris hispidula

USDA symbol: THHI

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Synonyms: Christella hispidula (Decne.) Holttum (CHHI14)   

Roughhairy Maiden Fern: A Delicate Native Beauty for Southeastern Gardens If you’re looking to add some soft, feathery texture to your shade garden, the roughhairy maiden fern (Thelypteris hispidula) might just be the perfect native choice. Don’t let the somewhat unflattering name fool you – this delicate fern brings an ...

Roughhairy Maiden Fern: A Delicate Native Beauty for Southeastern Gardens

If you’re looking to add some soft, feathery texture to your shade garden, the roughhairy maiden fern (Thelypteris hispidula) might just be the perfect native choice. Don’t let the somewhat unflattering name fool you – this delicate fern brings an understated elegance to any woodland setting.

Meet the Roughhairy Maiden Fern

The roughhairy maiden fern is a perennial native to the southeastern United States and Caribbean regions. As a forb (a non-woody vascular plant), it lacks the thick, woody stems you’d find on shrubs or trees, instead producing those classic lacy fronds that make ferns so beloved by gardeners.

You might occasionally see this fern listed under its scientific synonym Christella hispidula, but rest assured – it’s the same charming plant either way.

Where Does It Call Home?

This southeastern native has made itself at home across a impressive range, naturally occurring in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. It’s perfectly adapted to the warm, humid conditions of these regions.

Why Choose Roughhairy Maiden Fern?

Here’s what makes this fern a great addition to your native plant collection:

  • True Native: Supporting local ecosystems by choosing plants that naturally belong in your region
  • Adaptable Moisture Needs: Can handle both wetland and non-wetland conditions, making it quite versatile
  • Low Maintenance: Once established, requires minimal care
  • Soft Texture: Adds delicate, lacy foliage that contrasts beautifully with broader-leaved plants

Perfect Garden Companions

The roughhairy maiden fern shines in woodland gardens and naturalized shade areas. It works wonderfully as an understory groundcover, creating that soft, forest floor feeling that makes shade gardens so inviting. While it won’t attract pollinators like flowering plants do (ferns don’t produce flowers), it does contribute to the overall ecosystem health of your garden.

Growing Conditions and Care

This adaptable fern thrives in USDA hardiness zones 8-11, making it perfect for gardeners in the Southeast and Gulf Coast regions. Here’s what it needs to flourish:

  • Light: Partial to full shade (perfect for those tricky dark spots in your yard)
  • Moisture: Consistent moisture is key, though it can adapt to varying conditions
  • Soil: Well-draining soil with good organic content
  • Humidity: Loves the naturally humid conditions of its native range

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your roughhairy maiden fern established is refreshingly straightforward:

  • Plant in spring when the soil has warmed
  • Keep the soil consistently moist, especially during the first growing season
  • Add a layer of organic mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Divide clumps every few years if you want to expand your fern collection
  • Remove old, damaged fronds in late winter to make room for fresh growth

A Note on Moisture Preferences

One of the most interesting things about this fern is its flexibility with water. Depending on your location, it can behave quite differently:

  • In coastal areas, it typically prefers wetter conditions
  • In mountainous regions, it’s more likely to be found in drier spots
  • In plains areas, it happily grows in both wet and dry locations

This adaptability makes it an excellent choice for gardeners dealing with variable moisture conditions.

The Bottom Line

The roughhairy maiden fern may not have the showiest name in the plant world, but it more than makes up for it with reliable performance and native charm. If you’re gardening in zones 8-11 and have some shady spots that need a soft, natural touch, this adaptable fern deserves a spot on your plant list. It’s proof that sometimes the most understated plants make the biggest impact in creating that perfect woodland garden atmosphere.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Caribbean

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Great Plains

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Roughhairy Maiden Fern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Thelypteridaceae Ching ex Pic. Serm. - Marsh Fern family

Genus

Thelypteris Schmidel - maiden fern

Species

Thelypteris hispidula (Decne.) C.F. Reed - roughhairy maiden fern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA