North America Native Plant

Rough Coneflower

Botanical name: Rudbeckia grandiflora var. grandiflora

USDA symbol: RUGRG

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Rough Coneflower: A Prairie Beauty for Your Wildflower Garden If you’re looking to add some sunny charm and prairie authenticity to your garden, rough coneflower might just be the perfect perennial for you. This cheerful native wildflower brings both beauty and ecological benefits to the landscape, making it a favorite ...

Rough Coneflower: A Prairie Beauty for Your Wildflower Garden

If you’re looking to add some sunny charm and prairie authenticity to your garden, rough coneflower might just be the perfect perennial for you. This cheerful native wildflower brings both beauty and ecological benefits to the landscape, making it a favorite among gardeners who love low-maintenance plants with high impact.

What is Rough Coneflower?

Rough coneflower (Rudbeckia grandiflora var. grandiflora) is a perennial forb that belongs to the sunflower family. Unlike woody shrubs or trees, this plant lacks significant woody tissue and instead produces herbaceous growth that dies back to the ground each winter, only to emerge again in spring with renewed vigor.

This native beauty is naturally found across several states including Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Texas, with some populations extending into Ontario, Canada where it has naturalized.

Why Grow Rough Coneflower?

There are plenty of reasons to fall in love with this prairie gem:

  • Low maintenance: Once established, rough coneflower is remarkably drought tolerant and requires minimal care
  • Pollinator magnet: The bright yellow blooms attract bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects throughout the growing season
  • Wildlife value: Birds, particularly finches, love the seeds that develop after flowering
  • Long blooming period: Flowers appear from summer through fall, providing extended color
  • Native authenticity: Perfect for prairie gardens, wildflower meadows, and naturalized landscapes in its native range

Garden Design and Landscape Use

Rough coneflower works beautifully as a background plant in mixed borders, where its height provides structure and its bright blooms add vertical interest. It’s particularly stunning in cottage gardens, prairie restorations, and pollinator gardens where its wild, naturalized appearance fits right in.

Consider pairing it with other native prairie plants like purple coneflower, black-eyed Susan, and native grasses for an authentic wildflower meadow look that requires minimal intervention once established.

Growing Conditions and Care

The beauty of rough coneflower lies in its simplicity. This adaptable perennial thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-8, making it suitable for a wide range of climates.

Ideal Growing Conditions:

  • Sunlight: Full sun for best flowering, though it can tolerate some light shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soil is essential; it’s quite adaptable to various soil types
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but benefits from occasional watering during extended dry periods
  • Space: Allow adequate spacing for air circulation to prevent fungal issues

Planting and Care Tips:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost date
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to help establish a strong root system
  • Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming
  • Leave seed heads in place during winter to feed birds and provide natural winter interest
  • Divide clumps every 3-4 years to maintain plant vigor

A Word About Native Status

While rough coneflower is native to much of the central and southeastern United States, it has naturalized in some areas outside its original range, including parts of Canada. If you’re gardening within its native range, you can feel confident that you’re supporting local ecosystems. For gardeners outside the native range, consider exploring native alternatives that provide similar benefits while supporting your local wildlife.

The Bottom Line

Rough coneflower offers the perfect combination of beauty, ecological value, and low maintenance that every gardener dreams about. Its cheerful yellow blooms, wildlife benefits, and prairie authenticity make it an excellent choice for naturalized landscapes and pollinator gardens. Whether you’re creating a wildflower meadow or adding native charm to your perennial border, this hardy perennial is sure to deliver years of sunny satisfaction with minimal fuss.

Rough Coneflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Rudbeckia L. - coneflower

Species

Rudbeckia grandiflora (D. Don) J.F. Gmel. ex DC. - rough coneflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA