North America Native Plant

Rocky Mountain Bluebells

Botanical name: Mertensia humilis

USDA symbol: MEHU2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Rocky Mountain Bluebells: A Rare Alpine Treasure for Specialized Gardens If you’re drawn to rare alpine wildflowers and have a passion for conservation gardening, Rocky Mountain bluebells (Mertensia humilis) might just capture your heart. This diminutive perennial is one of nature’s more elusive gems, offering delicate beauty for those willing ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Rocky Mountain Bluebells: A Rare Alpine Treasure for Specialized Gardens

If you’re drawn to rare alpine wildflowers and have a passion for conservation gardening, Rocky Mountain bluebells (Mertensia humilis) might just capture your heart. This diminutive perennial is one of nature’s more elusive gems, offering delicate beauty for those willing to meet its specialized needs.

What Makes Rocky Mountain Bluebells Special

Rocky Mountain bluebells are a native forb – essentially a non-woody perennial herb that dies back to the ground each winter and returns from underground buds each spring. Like their more common cousins, these plants likely produce charming clusters of small, bell-shaped blue flowers that nod gracefully in mountain breezes.

What truly sets this plant apart is its rarity. With a Global Conservation Status of S2 (Imperiled), Rocky Mountain bluebells are considered extremely rare, with typically only 6 to 20 known populations and between 1,000 to 3,000 remaining individuals. This makes them a plant of significant conservation concern.

Where They Call Home

These bluebells are native to the high country of Colorado and Wyoming, where they’ve adapted to the challenging conditions of alpine and subalpine environments. Their limited geographic distribution reflects their highly specialized habitat requirements.

Should You Grow Rocky Mountain Bluebells?

Here’s where things get interesting – and important. While Rocky Mountain bluebells would be a extraordinary addition to any alpine garden, their imperiled status means you should only consider planting them under specific circumstances:

  • You have access to responsibly sourced plants or seeds from legitimate conservation programs
  • You can provide the specialized alpine growing conditions they require
  • You’re committed to potential participation in conservation efforts
  • You have experience growing challenging alpine plants

Never collect plants or seeds from wild populations – this could further threaten their survival.

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on their native habitat, Rocky Mountain bluebells likely require:

  • Excellent drainage – think rocky, gravelly soils
  • Cool temperatures and protection from hot afternoon sun
  • USDA Hardiness Zones 3-6
  • High elevation or simulated alpine conditions
  • Consistent but not excessive moisture

These plants are best suited for specialized rock gardens, alpine gardens, or native plant collections where their specific needs can be met.

Garden Design and Landscape Role

If you’re fortunate enough to grow Rocky Mountain bluebells, they work beautifully in:

  • Alpine rock gardens with other high-elevation natives
  • Conservation gardens focused on rare species
  • Educational displays about Colorado and Wyoming flora
  • Specialized native plant collections

Their small stature and delicate flowers make them perfect companions for other alpine plants and a conversation starter about plant conservation.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While specific data on wildlife interactions isn’t available for this rare species, other Mertensia species are known to attract native bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. Given their rarity, they likely play a specialized role in their native ecosystem that we’re still learning about.

The Bottom Line

Rocky Mountain bluebells represent both an opportunity and a responsibility. While they offer unique beauty and the chance to participate in conservation efforts, they’re not a plant for casual gardening. If you’re serious about growing rare natives and can source plants responsibly, they could be a meaningful addition to a specialized collection. For most gardeners, supporting conservation organizations that work with this species might be the best way to help ensure its survival.

Consider this plant a reminder that some of nature’s most beautiful creations are also among its most vulnerable – and sometimes the best way to love something is to protect it in its natural home.

Rocky Mountain Bluebells

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Boraginaceae Juss. - Borage family

Genus

Mertensia Roth - bluebells

Species

Mertensia humilis Rydb. - Rocky Mountain bluebells

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA