North America Native Plant

Rock Panicgrass

Botanical name: Panicum beecheyi

USDA symbol: PABE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Rock Panicgrass: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and have a green thumb for grasses, you might have heard whispers about rock panicgrass. This unassuming but important native grass has quite a story to tell – one of resilience, rarity, and the delicate ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Rock Panicgrass: A Rare Hawaiian Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about Hawaiian native plants and have a green thumb for grasses, you might have heard whispers about rock panicgrass. This unassuming but important native grass has quite a story to tell – one of resilience, rarity, and the delicate balance of island ecosystems.

What Makes Rock Panicgrass Special?

Rock panicgrass (Panicum beecheyi) is a perennial graminoid – that’s botanist-speak for a grass or grass-like plant. But don’t let its humble grass status fool you. This little beauty is 100% Hawaiian-born and bred, making it a true endemic treasure of the islands.

What sets this grass apart from your typical lawn variety is its incredible adaptation to Hawaii’s unique volcanic landscapes. It’s evolved to thrive in conditions that would make other grasses throw in the towel – think rocky slopes, dry forests, and areas where the soil is more lava rock than loam.

Where You’ll Find It (If You’re Lucky)

Rock panicgrass calls Hawaii home – and only Hawaii. This grass is found exclusively across the Hawaiian Islands, where it grows naturally on volcanic slopes and in dry forest areas.

The Reality Check: This Grass Is Rare

Here’s where we need to have a serious conversation. Rock panicgrass has a Global Conservation Status of S2, which means it’s considered Imperiled. In plain English? This grass is in trouble. Scientists estimate there are only 6 to 20 known populations left, with somewhere between 1,000 to 3,000 individual plants remaining in the wild.

This rarity status means that while we absolutely encourage growing native Hawaiian plants, you’ll need to be extra thoughtful about sourcing. If you’re considering adding rock panicgrass to your garden, make sure you’re getting it from reputable native plant nurseries that practice responsible propagation – never collect from wild populations.

What It Brings to Your Garden

Despite its endangered status (or perhaps because of it), rock panicgrass has some wonderful qualities that make it worth seeking out:

  • Forms attractive, fine-textured clumps that add movement to the landscape
  • Produces delicate seed heads that catch the light beautifully
  • Perfect for erosion control on slopes and challenging terrain
  • Adds authentic Hawaiian character to native plant gardens
  • Extremely drought tolerant once established

Growing Rock Panicgrass Successfully

If you’re fortunate enough to source some rock panicgrass responsibly, you’ll be happy to know it’s relatively low-maintenance once you understand its needs.

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Climate: USDA hardiness zones 10-12 (tropical and subtropical areas)
  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soils; actually prefers rocky, volcanic-type substrates
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates occasional deep watering during dry spells

Planting and Care Tips

Rock panicgrass is surprisingly forgiving once you get it established:

  • Plant during Hawaii’s cooler, wetter months when possible
  • Give it space – this grass likes room to form its natural clumping habit
  • Water regularly for the first few months, then back off as it establishes
  • Trim back old, dead growth occasionally to keep it looking fresh
  • Avoid fertilizing – it’s adapted to nutrient-poor volcanic soils

Perfect Garden Situations

Rock panicgrass shines in specific landscape situations:

  • Native Hawaiian plant gardens
  • Dry gardens and xeriscapes
  • Rock gardens and naturalistic landscapes
  • Slope stabilization projects
  • Areas where you want authentic Hawaiian character

Wildlife and Ecosystem Benefits

As a native grass, rock panicgrass plays important ecological roles. While it’s wind-pollinated (so it won’t attract butterflies like flowering plants), it provides habitat structure and helps prevent erosion – crucial functions in Hawaii’s delicate ecosystems.

The Bottom Line

Rock panicgrass represents something special: a chance to be part of conservation while creating a beautiful, authentic Hawaiian landscape. Its rarity makes it a privilege to grow rather than just another garden plant.

If you can source it responsibly and you’re gardening in zones 10-12, rock panicgrass offers a unique opportunity to support Hawaiian native plant conservation right in your own backyard. Just remember – with great rarity comes great responsibility. Always source from reputable native plant nurseries, never from wild populations, and consider yourself a guardian of this special grass rather than just its owner.

After all, every garden that grows rock panicgrass is a small victory for Hawaiian biodiversity – and that’s something worth celebrating.

Rock Panicgrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Panicum L. - panicgrass

Species

Panicum beecheyi Hook. & Arn. - rock panicgrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA