North America Native Plant

Rock Creek Broomrape

Botanical name: Orobanche valida valida

USDA symbol: ORVAV

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Orobanche ludoviciana Nutt. var. valida (Jeps.) Munz (ORLUV)   

Rock Creek Broomrape: A Rare California Native That’s Not for Your Garden Meet the Rock Creek broomrape (Orobanche valida valida), one of California’s most unusual and rare native plants. This little-known annual forb has a fascinating lifestyle that makes it completely unsuitable for home gardens—and that’s actually a good thing ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3T2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Rock Creek Broomrape: A Rare California Native That’s Not for Your Garden

Meet the Rock Creek broomrape (Orobanche valida valida), one of California’s most unusual and rare native plants. This little-known annual forb has a fascinating lifestyle that makes it completely unsuitable for home gardens—and that’s actually a good thing for its conservation.

What Makes Rock Creek Broomrape Special

Rock Creek broomrape belongs to the broomrape family, a group of parasitic plants that have given up the traditional plant lifestyle of photosynthesis. Instead, this clever annual taps into the root systems of other plants to steal nutrients and water. It’s like nature’s ultimate freeloader, but in the most scientifically fascinating way possible.

As an annual forb, this plant completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. It lacks any woody tissue and dies back completely each year, relying on seeds to continue the next generation.

Where You’ll Find This Rare Beauty

Rock Creek broomrape is endemic to California, meaning it grows nowhere else on Earth. Its limited distribution makes it quite the botanical treasure, though not one you’re likely to stumble across on a casual hike.

Why You Can’t (and Shouldn’t) Grow It

Here’s the thing about Rock Creek broomrape—it’s not just rare, it’s also impossible to cultivate in a traditional sense. This parasitic plant requires specific host plants to survive, and we don’t fully understand all the complex relationships it needs to thrive. You can’t simply plant seeds and expect results.

More importantly, with a conservation status that indicates it’s quite rare, any attempts to collect or disturb wild populations could harm this species’ survival. This is definitely a look but don’t touch situation.

What It Looks Like

Don’t expect showy blooms for your Instagram feed. Rock Creek broomrape produces small, tubular flowers that are typically purplish or yellowish in color. The entire plant is rather inconspicuous, which makes sense since it doesn’t need to compete for sunlight like other plants do.

Its Role in Nature

While Rock Creek broomrape might seem like a botanical villain, stealing nutrients from other plants, it actually plays an important role in its ecosystem. These parasitic relationships have evolved over thousands of years and contribute to the complex web of plant interactions that make California’s native habitats so unique.

Conservation Matters

The rarity of Rock Creek broomrape reminds us how many specialized native plants we have yet to fully understand and protect. Climate change, habitat destruction, and invasive species all pose threats to rare endemics like this one.

Better Alternatives for Your Native Garden

If you’re interested in supporting California’s native plant diversity in your garden, there are plenty of beautiful, non-parasitic options to choose from. Consider these alternatives that will actually thrive in cultivation:

  • California poppies for brilliant orange blooms
  • Ceanothus species for stunning blue flowers
  • Native salvias for pollinator support
  • Manzanita varieties for year-round structure

While you can’t grow Rock Creek broomrape in your garden, you can appreciate it as one of nature’s most interesting botanical curiosities and support conservation efforts that protect California’s rare native plants in their natural habitats.

Rock Creek Broomrape

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Orobanchaceae Vent. - Broom-rape family

Genus

Orobanche L. - broomrape

Species

Orobanche valida Jeps. - Rock Creek broomrape

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA