North America Native Plant

Robust Spineflower

Botanical name: Chorizanthe robusta var. hartwegii

USDA symbol: CHROH

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Chorizanthe douglasii Benth. var. hartwegii (CHDOH)  âš˜  Chorizanthe pungens Benth. var. hartwegii (Benth.) Goodman (CHPUH)   

Robust Spineflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting Meet the robust spineflower (Chorizanthe robusta var. hartwegii), a tiny but mighty California native that’s fighting for survival in the wild. This unassuming annual herb might not win any beauty contests, but it holds a special place in California’s botanical heritage—and desperately ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: United States

Status: S2T1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Endangered: In danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. ⚘

Region: United States

Robust Spineflower: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

Meet the robust spineflower (Chorizanthe robusta var. hartwegii), a tiny but mighty California native that’s fighting for survival in the wild. This unassuming annual herb might not win any beauty contests, but it holds a special place in California’s botanical heritage—and desperately needs our help.

What Makes This Plant Special?

The robust spineflower is a true California endemic, meaning it exists nowhere else on Earth. This small herbaceous plant belongs to the buckwheat family and grows as an annual forb, completing its entire life cycle in a single growing season. Despite its common name suggesting strength, this delicate species is actually one of California’s most vulnerable plants.

Where Does It Call Home?

This rare spineflower is found exclusively in California, with its native range concentrated in very specific areas of the Santa Cruz Mountains. The plant has adapted to thrive in sandy soils within chaparral and coastal scrub communities, making it highly specialized to its unique habitat.

A Plant in Crisis

Important Conservation Alert: The robust spineflower is listed as endangered in Scotts Valley and carries a Global Conservation Status of S2T1. This means the species faces a very high risk of extinction. Before considering adding this plant to your garden, it’s crucial to understand the conservation implications.

Should You Grow Robust Spineflower?

Here’s where things get complicated. While we absolutely encourage supporting native plants, the robust spineflower requires special consideration:

  • Only use responsibly sourced seeds or plants – Never collect from wild populations
  • Work with reputable native plant nurseries that participate in conservation programs
  • Consider this plant only if you’re committed to conservation and have experience with rare natives
  • Ensure you can provide the specific growing conditions this specialized plant requires

Growing Conditions and Care

If you decide to take on the responsibility of growing robust spineflower, here’s what you need to know:

Soil Requirements: This plant demands well-draining sandy soil that mimics its natural chaparral habitat. Heavy clay or water-retentive soils will likely lead to failure.

Water Needs: As a California native adapted to Mediterranean climates, the robust spineflower prefers minimal water once established. Overwatering is more likely to harm the plant than help it.

Climate Considerations: Best suited for USDA hardiness zones 9-10, particularly areas with mild, wet winters and dry summers typical of California’s coastal regions.

Garden Design and Landscape Role

The robust spineflower isn’t your typical showy garden centerpiece. Its small, inconspicuous flowers clustered in spiny bracts make it more of a botanical curiosity than a landscape star. This plant works best in:

  • Specialized native plant collections
  • Restoration projects focused on California endemics
  • Educational gardens highlighting rare species
  • Rock gardens with exceptional drainage

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

Though small in stature, the robust spineflower likely provides valuable resources for California’s native insects and small pollinators. Every rare plant species plays a role in supporting the complex web of native wildlife relationships that have evolved over thousands of years.

The Bottom Line

Growing robust spineflower is less about adding beauty to your garden and more about participating in conservation efforts. If you’re an experienced native plant gardener with a passion for preserving California’s botanical heritage, this endangered species offers a meaningful way to make a difference. Just remember: with great rarity comes great responsibility. Always source your plants ethically and be prepared to provide the specialized care this unique California native requires to thrive.

For most gardeners interested in supporting California natives, consider starting with more common spineflower relatives or other drought-tolerant native annuals that can provide similar ecological benefits without the conservation concerns.

Robust Spineflower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Polygonales

Family

Polygonaceae Juss. - Buckwheat family

Genus

Chorizanthe R. Br. ex Benth. - spineflower

Species

Chorizanthe robusta Parry - robust spineflower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA