North America Native Plant

Rimmed Lichen

Botanical name: Aspicilia heteroplaca

USDA symbol: ASHE9

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Lecanora heteroplaca Zahlbr. (LEHE6)   

Rimmed Lichen: The Crusty Garden Guest You Never Invited (But Might Want to Keep) Have you ever noticed those grayish, crusty patches growing on rocks in your garden and wondered what on earth they are? Meet the rimmed lichen (Aspicilia heteroplaca), a fascinating organism that’s probably been quietly making itself ...

Rimmed Lichen: The Crusty Garden Guest You Never Invited (But Might Want to Keep)

Have you ever noticed those grayish, crusty patches growing on rocks in your garden and wondered what on earth they are? Meet the rimmed lichen (Aspicilia heteroplaca), a fascinating organism that’s probably been quietly making itself at home on your stone surfaces without you even realizing it!

What Exactly Is Rimmed Lichen?

First things first – rimmed lichen isn’t actually a plant at all! It’s a lichen, which is essentially a partnership between a fungus and algae (or sometimes cyanobacteria) living together in perfect harmony. Think of it as nature’s ultimate roommate situation, where both parties benefit from the arrangement.

The rimmed lichen gets its name from the distinctive raised edges or rims that form around its reproductive structures. These circular to irregularly-shaped gray crusts might look unremarkable at first glance, but they’re actually quite remarkable little organisms.

Where You’ll Find This Rocky Resident

Aspicilia heteroplaca is native to North America and particularly loves the western regions where dry, sunny conditions prevail. It’s most commonly spotted in arid and semi-arid areas, making itself comfortable on exposed rock surfaces.

Identifying Rimmed Lichen in Your Garden

Spotting rimmed lichen is easier than you might think once you know what to look for:

  • Grayish, crusty appearance that seems painted onto rock surfaces
  • Circular to irregular patches that can range from small spots to larger colonies
  • Distinctive raised rims around the edges, especially noticeable around reproductive structures
  • Firmly attached to the rock surface – you can’t just brush it off
  • Often found on sunny, exposed stone surfaces

Is Rimmed Lichen Good for Your Garden?

While you can’t exactly plant rimmed lichen (it does its own thing, thank you very much), having it around is actually a pretty good sign! Here’s why this crusty character might be a welcome garden guest:

  • Air quality indicator: Lichens are sensitive to air pollution, so their presence suggests you have relatively clean air
  • Natural weathering: They help break down rock surfaces over time, contributing to soil formation
  • Minimal impact: They don’t harm the rocks they grow on or compete with your garden plants
  • Unique texture: Adds natural, weathered character to stone features

Living Conditions: What Makes Rimmed Lichen Happy

If you’re curious about what conditions favor rimmed lichen (maybe you want to encourage it on a rock wall or stone feature), here’s what it loves:

  • Bare rock surfaces, especially limestone or other alkaline stones
  • Sunny, exposed locations
  • Low moisture levels – it’s quite drought-tolerant
  • Good air circulation
  • Minimal disturbance

The Bottom Line: To Keep or Not to Keep?

Here’s the thing about rimmed lichen – you don’t really get to choose whether it stays or goes. It shows up on its own timeline and grows incredibly slowly. If you’ve got it growing on your garden stones or rock features, consider yourself lucky to witness this unique partnership between fungus and algae in action.

Rather than trying to remove it (which is pretty difficult anyway), why not appreciate it as a sign of a healthy garden ecosystem? It’s not hurting anything, it adds character to stone surfaces, and it connects your garden to the broader natural world in a subtle but meaningful way.

So next time you spot those gray, crusty patches on your rocks, give a little nod to the rimmed lichen – your garden’s most patient and undemanding resident!

Rimmed Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Hymeneliaceae Körb.

Genus

Aspicilia A. Massal. - rimmed lichen

Species

Aspicilia heteroplaca (Zahlbr.) Oksner - rimmed lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA