North America Native Plant

Rim Lichen

Botanical name: Lecanora oraefrigidae

USDA symbol: LEOR4

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Rim Lichen: A Hardy Arctic Survivor You Might Spot in Your Rocky Garden Have you ever noticed crusty, pale patches growing on rocks and wondered what they were? You might be looking at rim lichen (Lecanora oraefrigidae), one of nature’s most resilient organisms. While you can’t exactly plant this fascinating ...

Rim Lichen: A Hardy Arctic Survivor You Might Spot in Your Rocky Garden

Have you ever noticed crusty, pale patches growing on rocks and wondered what they were? You might be looking at rim lichen (Lecanora oraefrigidae), one of nature’s most resilient organisms. While you can’t exactly plant this fascinating species in your garden bed, understanding what it is and why it appears can help you appreciate the hidden ecosystem thriving right under your nose.

What Exactly Is Rim Lichen?

Rim lichen isn’t actually a plant at all – it’s a remarkable partnership between a fungus and algae living together in perfect harmony. This unique organism forms crusty, grayish-white patches that seem to paint themselves across rock surfaces. Think of it as nature’s way of colonizing the most inhospitable places where regular plants simply can’t survive.

As a native species to North America, rim lichen has been quietly doing its thing in arctic and alpine regions for thousands of years. It’s particularly fond of cold, clean environments where it can slowly but steadily spread across rocky surfaces.

Where You’ll Find Rim Lichen

Rim lichen calls the coldest parts of North America home, thriving in arctic and alpine environments where most other organisms would throw in the towel. If you live in mountainous regions or northern climates, you’re more likely to encounter this hardy survivor on natural rock outcrops, stone walls, or even decorative boulders in your landscape.

How to Identify Rim Lichen

Spotting rim lichen is easier than you might think once you know what to look for:

  • Crusty, flat patches that appear painted onto rock surfaces
  • Pale gray to whitish coloration
  • Circular or irregular growth patterns
  • Typically found on exposed rock faces or stone surfaces
  • More common in areas with clean air and cooler temperatures

Is Rim Lichen Beneficial for Your Garden?

While you can’t cultivate rim lichen like your favorite perennials, its presence can actually be a positive sign for your outdoor space. Lichens are incredibly sensitive to air pollution, so finding them in your area suggests you have relatively clean air – something both you and your plants can appreciate!

Rim lichen also plays several beneficial roles:

  • Helps break down rock surfaces over time, contributing to soil formation
  • Serves as an indicator of environmental health
  • Provides food for some wildlife species in northern regions
  • Adds subtle natural beauty to rocky landscapes

Living with Rim Lichen

If you discover rim lichen growing on rocks in your landscape, consider yourself lucky to have such a resilient neighbor. There’s no need to remove it – in fact, trying to scrape it off can damage both the lichen and the rock surface underneath.

Instead, appreciate it as a sign of a healthy environment and a testament to nature’s incredible ability to thrive in challenging conditions. Just remember that lichens grow extremely slowly, so that patch you’re admiring may have been developing for decades!

The Bottom Line

Rim lichen may not be the showstopper flower you’d typically feature in a garden blog, but it’s a fascinating example of nature’s ingenuity. While you can’t plant it or tend to it like traditional garden plants, recognizing and appreciating rim lichen adds another layer of understanding to the complex ecosystems that exist right in our own backyards – or should we say, rock yards?

Rim Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Lecanoraceae Körb.

Genus

Lecanora Ach. - rim lichen

Species

Lecanora orae-frigidae R. Sant. - rim lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA