North America Native Plant

Rigid Navel Lichen

Botanical name: Umbilicaria rigida

USDA symbol: UMRI

Habit: lichen

Native status: Native to North America  

Synonyms: Agyrophora rigida (Du Rietz) Llano (AGRI4)  ⚘  Gyrophora anthracina (Wulfen) Körb. (GYAN4)  ⚘  Umbilicaria coriacea Imshaug (UMCO)   

Rigid Navel Lichen: The Hardy Rock Dweller You Didn’t Know You Wanted If you’ve ever noticed what looks like dark, leathery patches growing on rocks and wondered what on earth is that?—you might have encountered the rigid navel lichen. This fascinating organism, scientifically known as Umbilicaria rigida, is one of ...

Rigid Navel Lichen: The Hardy Rock Dweller You Didn’t Know You Wanted

If you’ve ever noticed what looks like dark, leathery patches growing on rocks and wondered what on earth is that?—you might have encountered the rigid navel lichen. This fascinating organism, scientifically known as Umbilicaria rigida, is one of nature’s most resilient partnerships and a quiet indicator that your local environment is healthier than you might think.

What Exactly Is Rigid Navel Lichen?

Let’s clear up any confusion right away: rigid navel lichen isn’t a plant in the traditional sense. It’s actually a lichen—a remarkable partnership between fungi and algae that works together as one organism. The rigid navel lichen gets its common name from its tough, leathery texture and the distinctive way it attaches to rock surfaces through a central point, creating a navel or belly-button-like connection.

This species is native to North America and has earned quite a few scientific aliases over the years, including Agyrophora rigida and Gyrophora anthracina, which shows just how much botanists have been fascinated by this hardy little survivor.

Where You’ll Find This Rocky Character

Rigid navel lichen calls northern North America home, thriving in the cooler climates of boreal and arctic regions. You’ll spot it clinging to exposed rock surfaces in areas that experience harsh winters and cool summers—basically anywhere that would make most plants throw in the towel.

Identifying Rigid Navel Lichen

Spotting rigid navel lichen is easier than you might think once you know what to look for:

  • Dark brown to blackish color that can appear almost charcoal-like
  • Circular, flat growth pattern that can reach several inches across
  • Leathery, rigid texture (hence the name!)
  • Central attachment point that creates the characteristic navel appearance
  • Grows directly on bare rock surfaces, particularly granite and other hard stones

Is It Good for Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting for gardeners. While you can’t exactly plant rigid navel lichen like you would a tomato, its presence in your landscape is actually fantastic news. This lichen is incredibly sensitive to air pollution, so if it’s growing naturally on rocks in your area, you can pat yourself on the back—your local air quality is pretty darn good.

Rigid navel lichen thrives in USDA hardiness zones 1-6, making it a champion of cold-climate gardens. If you have natural stone features, rock walls, or boulder outcroppings in cooler regions, you might find this lichen establishing itself over time.

The Benefits of Having Lichen Around

While rigid navel lichen won’t attract pollinators (it doesn’t produce flowers), it does contribute to your garden ecosystem in other ways:

  • Acts as a natural air quality monitor
  • Adds unique texture and visual interest to rock features
  • Provides microscopic habitat for tiny invertebrates
  • Demonstrates your landscape’s ecological health
  • Requires zero maintenance once established

Can You Encourage Rigid Navel Lichen?

The short answer is: not really, and that’s perfectly okay. Lichens like Umbilicaria rigida establish themselves naturally over many years when conditions are right. The best thing you can do is maintain clean air around your property and provide suitable rock surfaces by incorporating natural stone features into your landscape design.

If you’re lucky enough to have this lichen growing naturally on rocks in your garden, simply appreciate it for what it is—a sign that you’re doing something right environmentally. Avoid using chemical treatments near areas where lichen grows, as these organisms are extremely sensitive to pollutants.

The Bottom Line

Rigid navel lichen might not be the showiest addition to your garden, but it’s definitely one of the coolest. This ancient partnership between fungi and algae represents millions of years of evolutionary cooperation, and its presence suggests your garden environment is healthy and unpolluted. While you can’t plant it like a petunia, you can certainly appreciate it as a natural indicator of your landscape’s ecological integrity—and that’s worth celebrating.

Rigid Navel Lichen

Classification

Group

Lichen

Kingdom

Fungi - Fungi

Subkingdom
Superdivision
Division

Ascomycota - Sac fungi

Subdivision
Class

Ascomycetes

Subclass
Order

Lecanorales

Family

Umbilicariaceae Chevall.

Genus

Umbilicaria Hoffm. - navel lichen

Species

Umbilicaria rigida (Du Rietz) Frey - rigid navel lichen

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA