North America Native Plant

Reflected Grapefern

Botanical name: Botrychium echo

USDA symbol: BOEC

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Reflected Grapefern: A Rare Native Treasure of the Southwest Meet the reflected grapefern (Botrychium echo), one of nature’s more elusive and fascinating native ferns. This little-known perennial might not be the showstopper you’d expect in a typical garden center, but it’s a remarkable piece of our southwestern ecosystem that deserves ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Reflected Grapefern: A Rare Native Treasure of the Southwest

Meet the reflected grapefern (Botrychium echo), one of nature’s more elusive and fascinating native ferns. This little-known perennial might not be the showstopper you’d expect in a typical garden center, but it’s a remarkable piece of our southwestern ecosystem that deserves recognition and protection.

What Makes the Reflected Grapefern Special?

The reflected grapefern is a small, unassuming fern that typically reaches just 2-8 inches in height. Don’t let its modest size fool you – this native beauty has some pretty unique characteristics that set it apart from your average garden fern. The grape in its name comes from the distinctive clusters of sporangia (spore-bearing structures) that somewhat resemble tiny grapes.

As a perennial fern, Botrychium echo returns year after year, though spotting one requires a keen eye and a bit of luck. These ferns have a knack for appearing and disappearing, sometimes remaining dormant underground for years before emerging again.

Where You’ll Find This Southwestern Native

The reflected grapefern calls the American Southwest home, with native populations documented in Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. This limited range makes it a true regional specialty – a plant that’s perfectly adapted to the unique conditions of the southwestern landscape.

This fern thrives in USDA hardiness zones 4-7, preferring the cooler, moister microclimates found within its native range.

A Conservation Concern

Here’s where things get serious: the reflected grapefern has a Global Conservation Status of S3, which means it’s considered vulnerable. With typically only 21 to 100 occurrences and between 3,000 to 10,000 individuals worldwide, this little fern is genuinely rare. It’s vulnerable either because it’s very rare throughout its range or found only in restricted areas.

This rarity status is crucial for any native plant enthusiast to understand. While we celebrate native plants, some are simply too rare and specialized for garden cultivation.

Why You Probably Shouldn’t Try to Grow It

Before you start scouring nurseries for reflected grapefern, here’s the reality check: this isn’t a plant for the home garden. Here’s why:

  • Extreme rarity: With its vulnerable conservation status, wild collection is absolutely not an option
  • Complex growing requirements: Like many Botrychium species, it requires specific mycorrhizal relationships with soil fungi
  • Specialized habitat needs: It’s adapted to very specific microclimates that are nearly impossible to replicate in cultivation
  • Unpredictable growth: These ferns can remain dormant for years, making them unreliable garden subjects

Appreciate It in Nature Instead

The best way to appreciate the reflected grapefern is to seek it out in its natural habitat during hiking or nature exploration in the Southwest. Look for it in partially shaded areas with well-draining soil, often in association with other native plants adapted to similar conditions.

If you’re passionate about supporting native fern species, consider:

  • Supporting habitat conservation efforts in the Southwest
  • Growing other native ferns that are more suitable for cultivation
  • Participating in citizen science projects that help monitor rare plant populations
  • Educating others about the importance of protecting rare native species

The Bigger Picture

While you won’t be adding reflected grapefern to your garden wishlist, learning about it highlights the incredible diversity of our native flora. Every ecosystem has its specialists – plants that have evolved to fill very specific niches. The reflected grapefern is one of those remarkable specialists, perfectly adapted to its southwestern home but utterly dependent on the preservation of its natural habitat.

Sometimes the best way to honor a native plant is simply to leave it where it belongs – thriving in the wild spaces that make our natural heritage so incredibly rich and diverse.

Reflected Grapefern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Ophioglossales

Family

Ophioglossaceae Martinov - Adder's-tongue family

Genus

Botrychium Sw. - grapefern

Species

Botrychium echo W.H. Wagner - reflected grapefern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA