North America Native Plant

Red Turtlehead

Botanical name: Chelone obliqua var. speciosa

USDA symbol: CHOBS

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Red Turtlehead: A Rare Native Gem for Late Season Color If you’re searching for a native perennial that brings unique beauty to your garden when most flowers are calling it quits for the season, let me introduce you to red turtlehead (Chelone obliqua var. speciosa). This charming native wildflower might ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: S4T3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Subspecies or variety is vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals. ⚘ Apparently Secure: Uncommon but not rare, and usually widespread. Possibly cause for longterm concern. Typically more than 100 occurrences in the state or more than 10,000 individuals ⚘ Possibly Extinct: Known only from historical occurrences. Still some hope of rediscovery ⚘

Region: Arkansas

Red Turtlehead: A Rare Native Gem for Late Season Color

If you’re searching for a native perennial that brings unique beauty to your garden when most flowers are calling it quits for the season, let me introduce you to red turtlehead (Chelone obliqua var. speciosa). This charming native wildflower might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it’s definitely one of the most intriguing – and unfortunately, one of the rarest.

What Makes Red Turtlehead Special?

Red turtlehead gets its quirky name from its distinctive tubular flowers that really do look like tiny turtle heads poking out of their shells. The variety speciosa (which means showy in Latin) is a particularly attractive form of this native perennial, producing lovely pink to red blooms that add a splash of color to the late summer and fall garden when many other plants are winding down.

This herbaceous perennial is a true native of the American Midwest, naturally occurring in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Minnesota, and Missouri. As a forb (a fancy botanical term for a non-woody flowering plant), red turtlehead dies back to the ground each winter and emerges fresh each spring.

A Word of Caution: This Plant is Rare

Before you get too excited about adding red turtlehead to your garden, there’s something important you need to know. This variety has a concerning conservation status – it’s considered rare in several states, with Arkansas listing it as historically present (SH status), meaning it may no longer exist there in the wild.

If you’re determined to grow this beautiful native, please only purchase from reputable nurseries that propagate their own stock rather than collecting from wild populations. Better yet, consider whether the more common Chelone obliqua (without the variety designation) might meet your gardening needs while putting less pressure on rare plant populations.

Why Grow Red Turtlehead?

Despite its rarity concerns, red turtlehead offers several compelling reasons to include it in your native plant garden:

  • Late season interest: Blooms when most other natives are finished for the year
  • True native credentials: Supports local ecosystems and wildlife
  • Low maintenance: Once established, perennials typically require minimal care
  • Unique appearance: Those turtle-head shaped flowers are real conversation starters
  • Pollinator value: Likely attracts native bees and other beneficial insects

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for this variety is limited, red turtlehead likely shares similar preferences with its parent species. Based on its native habitat, it probably prefers:

  • Partial shade to dappled sunlight
  • Consistently moist, well-draining soil
  • Rich, organic soil similar to woodland conditions
  • Protection from harsh afternoon sun

Given its native range across the Midwest, this plant should be hardy in USDA zones 3-8, making it suitable for most northern and central regions of the United States.

Garden Design Ideas

Red turtlehead works beautifully in:

  • Native plant gardens: Pairs well with other Midwest natives
  • Woodland gardens: Thrives in the dappled light under trees
  • Pollinator gardens: Provides late-season nectar when bees need it most
  • Rain gardens: Likely tolerates periodic wet conditions

The Bottom Line

Red turtlehead var. speciosa is undeniably appealing for native plant enthusiasts, but its rarity status makes it a plant to approach thoughtfully. If you can source it responsibly, it could be a wonderful addition to a native garden where its late-season blooms and unique appearance will be appreciated.

However, if you’re having trouble finding ethically sourced plants, consider exploring other native Chelone species or similarly attractive late-blooming natives that aren’t facing conservation concerns. Sometimes the best way to show our love for rare plants is to give them space to recover in the wild while we celebrate their more common cousins in our gardens.

Red Turtlehead

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Chelone L. - turtlehead

Species

Chelone obliqua L. - red turtlehead

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA