North America Native Plant

Red Rock Tarweed

Botanical name: Deinandra arida

USDA symbol: DEAR8

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Hemizonia arida D.D. Keck (HEAR4)   

Red Rock Tarweed: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting If you’re passionate about conserving California’s unique flora, Red Rock tarweed (Deinandra arida) might just capture your heart—though finding it won’t be easy. This unassuming annual wildflower represents one of California’s most endangered plant species, making it a special addition for ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Red Rock Tarweed: A Rare California Native Worth Protecting

If you’re passionate about conserving California’s unique flora, Red Rock tarweed (Deinandra arida) might just capture your heart—though finding it won’t be easy. This unassuming annual wildflower represents one of California’s most endangered plant species, making it a special addition for dedicated native plant gardeners committed to conservation.

What Makes Red Rock Tarweed Special?

Red Rock tarweed is a native California annual that belongs to the sunflower family. Despite its humble appearance, this little forb plays an important role in California’s biodiversity. As an herbaceous plant without woody stems, it completes its entire life cycle in a single growing season, producing small yellow composite flowers that attract native pollinators.

Also known by its scientific name Deinandra arida (formerly classified as Hemizonia arida), this plant has earned its common name from its preference for rocky, arid habitats throughout its limited California range.

A Critically Endangered Treasure

Important Conservation Alert: Red Rock tarweed has a Global Conservation Status of S1, meaning it’s critically imperiled. With typically fewer than five known populations and fewer than 1,000 individuals remaining in the wild, this species teeters on the edge of extinction.

If you’re considering growing Red Rock tarweed, please only obtain seeds or plants from reputable native plant societies or conservation organizations that can verify responsible sourcing. Never collect seeds from wild populations, as this could further threaten the species’ survival.

Where Red Rock Tarweed Calls Home

This rare native is endemic to California, where it once grew in scattered locations throughout the Central Valley and adjacent foothills. Today, its distribution has shrunk dramatically due to habitat loss and development pressures.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

While Red Rock tarweed won’t win any beauty contests, it offers unique appeal for conservation-minded gardeners:

  • Small, bright yellow flowers that bloom in late summer and fall
  • Compact growth habit perfect for rock gardens or naturalized areas
  • Historical and ecological significance as a California endemic
  • Attracts native bees and other small pollinators

In the landscape, Red Rock tarweed works best in specialized native plant gardens, conservation collections, or xeriscape designs where its modest appearance can be appreciated for its rarity rather than showiness.

Growing Conditions and Care

Red Rock tarweed thrives in conditions that mimic its natural habitat:

  • Climate: USDA Hardiness Zones 9-10, Mediterranean climate preferred
  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure
  • Soil: Well-draining, rocky or sandy soils; avoid heavy clay or constantly moist conditions
  • Water: Drought-tolerant once established; minimal supplemental watering needed
  • Maintenance: Low maintenance; allow plants to complete their natural life cycle and self-seed

Planting and Propagation Tips

Growing Red Rock tarweed requires patience and commitment to conservation practices:

  • Direct seed in fall for spring germination, mimicking natural cycles
  • Scarify seeds lightly to improve germination rates
  • Choose a sunny location with excellent drainage
  • Avoid fertilizers, which can harm this adapted-to-poor-soils species
  • Allow plants to self-seed to maintain populations
  • Consider companion planting with other rare California natives

Supporting Conservation Through Gardening

By choosing to grow Red Rock tarweed, you’re participating in critical conservation efforts. This species serves as a reminder of California’s incredible botanical diversity and the urgent need to protect it. While the plant’s pollinator benefits may be modest compared to showier natives, every population—including those in responsible home gardens—contributes to the species’ survival.

Consider connecting with local native plant societies, botanical gardens, or conservation organizations to learn about seed exchanges, conservation projects, and other ways to support rare California natives. Your garden could become part of a network helping to preserve these irreplaceable pieces of California’s natural heritage.

Remember: Red Rock tarweed isn’t for every gardener, but for those committed to conservation and native plant preservation, it represents something precious—a living link to California’s vanishing wildlands and a chance to make a real difference in plant conservation.

Red Rock Tarweed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Deinandra Greene - tarweed

Species

Deinandra arida (D.D. Keck) B.G. Baldw. - Red Rock tarweed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA