North America Native Plant

Red Pipturus

Botanical name: Pipturus ruber

USDA symbol: PIRU2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Red Pipturus: A Hidden Gem for Hawaiian Native Gardens If you’re looking to create an authentic Hawaiian landscape that supports local ecosystems, red pipturus (Pipturus ruber) might just be the perfect addition to your garden. This charming native shrub brings both ecological value and understated beauty to any island landscape ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2?: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Inexact rank: ⚘ Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Red Pipturus: A Hidden Gem for Hawaiian Native Gardens

If you’re looking to create an authentic Hawaiian landscape that supports local ecosystems, red pipturus (Pipturus ruber) might just be the perfect addition to your garden. This charming native shrub brings both ecological value and understated beauty to any island landscape design.

What is Red Pipturus?

Red pipturus is a perennial shrub that’s as Hawaiian as it gets – this species is found nowhere else in the world except the Hawaiian Islands. True to its name, this multi-stemmed woody plant often displays attractive reddish coloration on its stems, creating visual interest even when not in bloom. Typically growing to heights of 13-16 feet, red pipturus develops several stems from near the ground, giving it a full, bushy appearance that works beautifully in naturalistic garden settings.

Where Does Red Pipturus Grow?

This endemic Hawaiian species calls only the Hawaiian Islands home, where it has evolved over thousands of years to thrive in the unique island environment. You’ll find red pipturus naturally occurring across several of the main islands, making it a true representation of Hawaii’s native flora.

Why Plant Red Pipturus in Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons to consider red pipturus for your landscape:

  • Native Heritage: By planting red pipturus, you’re preserving a piece of Hawaii’s natural heritage and supporting indigenous plant communities
  • Low Maintenance: Once established, this hardy shrub requires minimal care, making it perfect for busy gardeners
  • Ecological Support: Native plants like red pipturus provide essential habitat and food sources for Hawaii’s native wildlife
  • Unique Character: The reddish stems and natural growth pattern add authentic Hawaiian character to any landscape

Important Conservation Considerations

Before you rush out to find red pipturus for your garden, there’s something important to know: this species has a conservation status that suggests it may be uncommon in the wild. If you decide to grow red pipturus, please ensure you source your plants responsibly from reputable native plant nurseries that propagate rather than collect from wild populations. This way, you can enjoy this beautiful native while helping to protect wild populations.

Growing Red Pipturus Successfully

Red pipturus is surprisingly adaptable, which explains why it’s classified as facultative upland – meaning it usually grows in non-wetland areas but can tolerate some moisture. Here’s what you need to know to grow it successfully:

Climate Requirements

This tropical native thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-12, making it suitable only for Hawaii and other tropical/subtropical locations with similar climates.

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Light: Partial shade to full sun – quite flexible!
  • Soil: Well-draining soils are essential; avoid waterlogged conditions
  • Water: Moderate moisture needs; drought tolerant once established
  • Space: Allow room for the shrub to reach its natural size of up to 16 feet

Planting and Care Tips

Red pipturus is refreshingly low-maintenance once you get it established. Plant in a location with good drainage and give it time to develop its root system. Young plants may need regular watering, but mature specimens can handle dry periods quite well. Occasional pruning can help maintain shape and size, but this adaptable shrub generally looks best when allowed to grow in its natural form.

Landscape Design Ideas

Red pipturus works wonderfully in several landscape applications:

  • Native Plant Gardens: Perfect as a foundation plant in authentically Hawaiian landscapes
  • Mixed Borders: Provides structure and year-round interest in mixed plantings
  • Naturalistic Areas: Excellent for creating wild, natural-looking spaces
  • Erosion Control: The multi-stemmed growth habit helps stabilize slopes

Supporting Hawaiian Ecosystems

When you plant red pipturus, you’re doing more than just adding another shrub to your garden – you’re participating in the preservation of Hawaii’s unique native ecosystems. Native plants like red pipturus have co-evolved with local wildlife and provide irreplaceable ecological services that introduced plants simply can’t match.

While red pipturus may not be the showiest plant in your garden, its quiet beauty and ecological importance make it a valuable addition to any Hawaiian landscape. Just remember to source responsibly and give this native gem the respect it deserves as a unique piece of Hawaii’s natural heritage.

Red Pipturus

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Hamamelididae

Order

Urticales

Family

Urticaceae Juss. - Nettle family

Genus

Pipturus Weddell - pipturus

Species

Pipturus ruber A. Heller - red pipturus

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA