North America Native Plant

Red Lupine

Botanical name: Lupinus ruber

USDA symbol: LURU3

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Lupinus microcarpus Sims var. ruber (A. Heller) C.P. Sm. (LUMIR2)   

Red Lupine: A California Native with Mysterious Charm If you’re on the hunt for native California plants that add a splash of color to your garden, red lupine (Lupinus ruber) might just be the hidden gem you’ve been looking for. This annual wildflower belongs to the beloved lupine family, though ...

Red Lupine: A California Native with Mysterious Charm

If you’re on the hunt for native California plants that add a splash of color to your garden, red lupine (Lupinus ruber) might just be the hidden gem you’ve been looking for. This annual wildflower belongs to the beloved lupine family, though it tends to fly under the radar compared to its more famous cousins.

What Exactly is Red Lupine?

Red lupine is a native forb—basically a fancy botanical term for a non-woody flowering plant. As an annual, it completes its entire life cycle in just one growing season, making it a perfect candidate for gardeners who like to switch things up each year or fill in gaps while waiting for perennials to establish.

You might occasionally see this plant listed under its synonym Lupinus microcarpus var. ruber, but don’t let the scientific name shuffle confuse you—it’s the same charming California native.

Where Does Red Lupine Call Home?

This lupine is a true California original, naturally occurring throughout the Golden State. As a native to the lower 48 states with its primary range in California, red lupine has spent centuries adapting to the unique Mediterranean climate and diverse ecosystems found there.

Why Consider Red Lupine for Your Garden?

Here’s where things get a bit mysterious—red lupine is one of those native plants that hasn’t received as much attention from researchers and gardeners as some of its showier relatives. But sometimes the best garden discoveries are the ones that haven’t been talked to death, right?

As a member of the lupine family, red lupine likely shares many of the beneficial characteristics that make lupines garden favorites:

  • Nitrogen-fixing abilities that can improve your soil
  • Potential pollinator appeal (lupines are typically bee magnets)
  • Native plant status means it’s adapted to local conditions
  • Annual growth habit allows for easy experimentation

Growing Red Lupine: An Adventure in Native Gardening

Here’s the honest truth: specific growing information for Lupinus ruber is surprisingly scarce in gardening literature. But don’t let that discourage you! Many successful native plant gardens include lesser-known species that thrive with basic native plant care.

General Growing Tips

While we don’t have detailed cultivation guides specifically for red lupine, you can draw on general lupine growing wisdom:

  • Most lupines prefer well-draining soil
  • California natives typically appreciate dry summers
  • As an annual, it will need to reseed or be replanted each year
  • Native plant gardens often benefit from minimal irrigation once established

The Bottom Line

Red lupine represents one of those intriguing native plants that offers gardeners a chance to grow something truly local and potentially unique in their neighborhood. While it may not have the detailed growing guides of more popular natives, that just adds to its mystique.

If you’re an adventurous gardener who enjoys experimenting with lesser-known natives, red lupine could be worth tracking down from specialty native plant nurseries. Just remember that with annual plants, you’re making a one-season commitment—perfect for testing the waters with something new.

And who knows? You might just become one of the first gardeners in your area to showcase this California native, helping to increase awareness and appreciation for the full spectrum of plants that call the Golden State home.

Red Lupine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lupinus L. - lupine

Species

Lupinus ruber A. Heller - red lupine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA