North America Native Plant

Ratapple

Botanical name: Morisonia americana

USDA symbol: MOAM

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico âš˜ Native to the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Ratapple: A Hidden Caribbean Gem for Tropical Gardens If you’re lucky enough to garden in the warmest corners of the United States, you might want to get acquainted with ratapple (Morisonia americana). This charming Caribbean native brings a touch of tropical elegance to landscapes while supporting local ecosystems in Puerto ...

Ratapple: A Hidden Caribbean Gem for Tropical Gardens

If you’re lucky enough to garden in the warmest corners of the United States, you might want to get acquainted with ratapple (Morisonia americana). This charming Caribbean native brings a touch of tropical elegance to landscapes while supporting local ecosystems in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

What is Ratapple?

Ratapple is a perennial shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13-16 feet tall. Like most shrubs, it develops several stems from or near the ground, creating a full, bushy appearance that adds structure to tropical landscapes. Don’t let the quirky name fool you – this plant has nothing to do with rats or apples!

Where Does Ratapple Call Home?

This delightful shrub is native to the Caribbean region, specifically Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. If you’re gardening in these areas, choosing ratapple means you’re supporting your local ecosystem and working with plants that naturally thrive in your climate.

Why Consider Ratapple for Your Garden?

Ratapple offers several compelling reasons to earn a spot in your landscape:

  • Native plant benefits: Supports local wildlife and requires less maintenance than non-native alternatives
  • Tropical appeal: Adds authentic Caribbean character to your garden
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s relatively easy to care for
  • Drought tolerance: Perfect for water-wise gardening in tropical climates

Growing Conditions and Care

Ratapple thrives in USDA hardiness zones 10-12, making it suitable only for truly tropical and subtropical climates. Here’s what this Caribbean beauty needs to flourish:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soil is essential
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but benefits from occasional watering during dry spells
  • Maintenance: Minimal pruning needed, mainly to shape or remove dead branches

Perfect for Tropical Landscapes

Ratapple works beautifully in several garden styles:

  • Tropical gardens where it provides authentic Caribbean flair
  • Coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt-laden air
  • Xerophytic or drought-tolerant gardens
  • Native plant gardens focused on supporting local ecosystems

Supporting Local Wildlife

As a native plant, ratapple plays an important role in supporting Caribbean wildlife. Its flowers attract pollinators, contributing to the health of local ecosystems. When you choose native plants like ratapple, you’re creating habitat and food sources that local wildlife has evolved to depend on.

The Bottom Line

If you’re gardening in Puerto Rico or the U.S. Virgin Islands, ratapple deserves serious consideration. It offers the perfect combination of native plant benefits, tropical beauty, and low-maintenance care. While it’s not suitable for gardeners in mainland United States due to its tropical requirements, it’s an excellent choice for those fortunate enough to garden in its native Caribbean range.

Remember, choosing native plants like ratapple isn’t just good for your garden – it’s good for your local environment too. You’ll be supporting the plants and animals that make your corner of the Caribbean special while enjoying a beautiful, easy-care addition to your landscape.

Ratapple

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Capparaceae Juss. - Caper family

Genus

Morisonia L. - morisonia

Species

Morisonia americana L. - ratapple

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA