North America Native Plant

Quillwort

Botanical name: Isoetes ×pseudotruncata

USDA symbol: ISPS

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada  

Quillwort: The Ancient Aquatic Wonder You’ve Probably Never Heard Of Meet Isoetes ×pseudotruncata, better known simply as quillwort – one of nature’s most fascinating living fossils hiding in plain sight in northern wetlands. This isn’t your typical garden plant, but rather an ancient aquatic species that offers a glimpse into ...

Quillwort: The Ancient Aquatic Wonder You’ve Probably Never Heard Of

Meet Isoetes ×pseudotruncata, better known simply as quillwort – one of nature’s most fascinating living fossils hiding in plain sight in northern wetlands. This isn’t your typical garden plant, but rather an ancient aquatic species that offers a glimpse into Earth’s prehistoric past right in our modern landscapes.

What Exactly Is a Quillwort?

Quillworts are perennial aquatic plants that look remarkably like underwater grass, but they’re actually much more interesting than their simple appearance suggests. These plants are living relics from an era when their giant relatives dominated ancient forests. Today’s quillworts are the petite descendants of those prehistoric giants, perfectly adapted for life in and around water.

Isoetes ×pseudotruncata grows as a grass-like plant with distinctive quill-shaped leaves that emerge from an underground base, creating small underwater meadows in the right conditions.

Where You’ll Find This Northern Native

This particular quillwort is a true northern native, calling Alaska and western Canada home. You can find it growing naturally in Alberta, British Columbia, and Alaska, where it thrives in the region’s pristine wetland environments.

A Wetland Specialist

Here’s where quillwort gets really specific about its living situation – it’s what botanists call an obligate wetland plant. This means it almost always needs to be in wetland conditions to survive. Think of it as nature’s way of saying water required, no exceptions!

In its natural habitat, you’ll typically find quillwort:

  • Submerged in shallow, clear water
  • Along the edges of pristine lakes and ponds
  • In permanently wet bog areas
  • Growing in cool, northern climates (USDA zones 1-5)

Is Quillwort Right for Your Garden?

Let’s be honest – quillwort isn’t for everyone’s garden. This specialized aquatic plant requires very specific conditions that most home gardeners simply can’t provide. However, if you’re working on a wetland restoration project, have a natural bog area, or maintain a specialized water garden designed to mimic northern ecosystems, quillwort could be an interesting addition.

Consider quillwort if you have:

  • A dedicated bog garden or wetland area
  • Consistently cool temperatures year-round
  • Access to clean, soft water
  • An interest in native plant conservation

The Challenge of Growing Quillwort

Unlike typical garden plants, quillworts have very specific needs that make them challenging for most gardeners. They require permanent moisture or submersion, cool temperatures, and pristine water conditions. Most home gardeners will find more success with other native aquatic plants that are less demanding.

If you’re determined to try growing quillwort, you’ll need to create conditions that closely mimic their natural northern wetland habitat – no small feat for most of us!

Ecological Value

While quillwort might not be the showiest plant for attracting pollinators (it reproduces through spores rather than flowers), it plays an important role in aquatic ecosystems. These plants help stabilize sediments, provide habitat for small aquatic creatures, and contribute to the overall health of wetland environments.

The Bottom Line

Quillwort is one of those plants that’s absolutely fascinating from a botanical perspective but extremely challenging for typical gardening applications. Unless you’re working on specialized wetland projects or have very specific aquatic gardening goals, you’ll probably want to admire this ancient species in its natural habitat rather than attempt to grow it at home.

For most northern gardeners interested in native aquatic plants, consider more garden-friendly alternatives like native sedges, water lilies, or other regionally appropriate wetland plants that can provide similar ecological benefits with less demanding care requirements.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Alaska

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Quillwort

Classification

Group

Quillwort

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Lycopodiophyta - Lycopods

Subdivision
Class

Lycopodiopsida

Subclass
Order

Isoetales

Family

Isoetaceae Dumort. - Quillwort family

Genus

Isoetes L. - quillwort

Species

Isoetes ×pseudotruncata D.M. Britton & D.F. Brunton [echinospora × maritima] - quillwort

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA