North America Native Plant

Purple Prairie Clover

Botanical name: Dalea purpurea var. purpurea

USDA symbol: DAPUP

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Petalostemon mollis Rydb. (PEMO9)  âš˜  Petalostemon purpureus (Vent.) Rydb. (PEPU15)  âš˜  Petalostemon purpureus (Vent.) Rydb. var. mollis (Rydb.) B. Boivin (PEPUM)   

Purple Prairie Clover: A Native Gem for Your Wildflower Garden If you’re looking to add a splash of purple to your native garden while supporting local wildlife, purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea var. purpurea) might just be your new best friend. This charming North American native brings both beauty and ...

Purple Prairie Clover: A Native Gem for Your Wildflower Garden

If you’re looking to add a splash of purple to your native garden while supporting local wildlife, purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea var. purpurea) might just be your new best friend. This charming North American native brings both beauty and ecological benefits to gardens across a surprisingly wide range of the continent.

What Makes Purple Prairie Clover Special?

Purple prairie clover is a perennial forb that grows in distinctive clumps, reaching about 3 feet tall when mature. What really catches the eye are its unique purple flower spikes that appear during summer months. Unlike typical clover flowers, these blooms form dense, cylindrical clusters that stand proudly above the green foliage, creating an almost bottle-brush appearance that’s quite striking in the landscape.

This plant grows with multiple stems in an upright, erect form, and while it may start slowly, it develops at a moderate pace once established. The coarse-textured foliage provides nice contrast in mixed plantings, and though the plant doesn’t put on a fall color show, its summer display more than makes up for it.

Where Purple Prairie Clover Calls Home

One of the most impressive things about purple prairie clover is its extensive native range. This adaptable plant naturally occurs across much of North America, from Canadian provinces like Alberta, Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan, down through an impressive list of U.S. states including Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.

Perfect Spots for Purple Prairie Clover in Your Garden

This native beauty shines brightest in prairie-style gardens, wildflower meadows, and naturalized areas. It’s particularly well-suited for:

  • Native plant gardens seeking authentic regional character
  • Pollinator gardens designed to support local wildlife
  • Drought-tolerant landscapes where water conservation is important
  • Prairie restoration projects
  • Large-scale naturalized areas that need low-maintenance plants

Keep in mind that purple prairie clover is a sun-lover that won’t tolerate shade, so save those sunny, open spots for this plant to truly thrive.

Growing Conditions That Make It Happy

Purple prairie clover is refreshingly adaptable when it comes to soil types, thriving in coarse, medium, or fine-textured soils. It prefers a slightly acidic to neutral pH range (6.0-8.0) and has medium fertility requirements – not too fussy, but not thriving in poor soils either.

This plant shows medium drought tolerance once established, making it a good choice for areas that receive 16-24 inches of precipitation annually. It can handle temperatures as low as -38°F, making it suitable for USDA hardiness zones 3-8. However, it does need at least 120 frost-free days to complete its growing cycle.

The root system extends at least 16 inches deep, helping the plant access moisture during dry periods and making it quite stable once established.

Planting and Care Tips

Growing purple prairie clover from seed is your best bet, as it’s routinely available commercially and propagates most successfully this way. Here’s what you need to know:

  • Seed preparation: Seeds require cold stratification before planting – think of it as winter simulation that helps break dormancy
  • Planting rate: With about 317,000 seeds per pound, a little goes a long way
  • Establishment: Be patient – seedlings have medium vigor and the plant spreads slowly
  • Timing: Spring planting works well, with flowers appearing in summer
  • Maintenance: Once established, this is a low-maintenance plant with moderate growth rate

The plant has low nitrogen fixation capability (it’s in the legume family, after all) and shows slow regrowth after cutting, so it’s best left to grow naturally rather than being heavily managed.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

Those conspicuous purple summer blooms aren’t just pretty – they’re pollinator magnets. The dense flower spikes provide excellent landing platforms for bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects throughout the blooming period. Seeds are produced in medium abundance from spring through summer, though they don’t persist long on the plant, providing food for seed-eating wildlife when fresh.

Is Purple Prairie Clover Right for Your Garden?

If you’re committed to native gardening and have sunny, well-drained spaces that could use some mid-summer color, purple prairie clover could be an excellent choice. It’s particularly valuable for gardeners who want to support pollinators while maintaining relatively low-maintenance landscapes.

However, this plant isn’t ideal for formal garden settings or areas where you need quick establishment. It’s also not suitable for shady locations or wet areas. Think of it as a specialist rather than a generalist – perfect for the right conditions, but not adaptable to just anywhere.

For gardeners focused on authentic regional ecology and willing to work with native plants on their own terms, purple prairie clover offers a beautiful way to connect your landscape to the broader North American prairie heritage.

How

Purple Prairie Clover

Grows

Growing season

Spring and Summer

Lifespan

Moderate

Growth form & shape

Multiple Stem and Erect

Growth rate

Moderate

Height at 20 years
Maximum height

3.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Porous

Winter foliage density

Porous

Foliage retention

No

Flowering

Yes

Flower color

Purple

Fruit/seeds

No

Fruit/seed color

Brown

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

Low

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

Medium

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Coarse

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

No

Coppice Ability

No

Bloat

Low

Purple Prairie Clover

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

Yes

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

Yes

Anaerobic tolerance

None

CaCO₃ tolerance

Medium

Cold Stratification

Yes

Drought tolerance

Medium

Nutrient requirement

Medium

Fire tolerance

Medium

Frost-free days minimum

120

Hedge tolerance

None

Moisture requirement

Medium

pH range

6.0 to 8.0

Plants per acre
Precipitation range (in)

16 to 24

Min root depth (in)

16

Salt tolerance

None

Shade tolerance

Intolerant

Min temperature (F)

-38

Cultivating

Purple Prairie Clover

Flowering season

Summer

Commercial availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/seed abundance

Medium

Fruit/seed season

Spring to Summer

Fruit/seed persistence

No

Propagated by bare root

No

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

No

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

No

Propagated by seed

Yes

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

317000

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor

Medium

Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

None

Purple Prairie Clover

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Dalea L. - prairie clover

Species

Dalea purpurea Vent. - purple prairie clover

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA