North America Native Plant

Pumpelly’s Brome

Botanical name: Bromus inermis pumpellianus

USDA symbol: BRINP

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Native to Alaska âš˜ Native to Canada âš˜ Native to the lower 48 states âš˜ Native to St. Pierre and Miquelon  

Synonyms: Bromus sibiricus Drobow (BRSI4)   

Pumpelly’s Brome: A Hardy Native Grass for Northern Gardens If you’re looking for a resilient native grass that can handle the harsh conditions of northern climates, Pumpelly’s brome (Bromus inermis pumpellianus) might just be the understated champion your garden needs. This perennial grass species is a true North American native, ...

Pumpelly’s Brome: A Hardy Native Grass for Northern Gardens

If you’re looking for a resilient native grass that can handle the harsh conditions of northern climates, Pumpelly’s brome (Bromus inermis pumpellianus) might just be the understated champion your garden needs. This perennial grass species is a true North American native, quietly thriving across some of the continent’s most challenging landscapes.

What is Pumpelly’s Brome?

Pumpelly’s brome is a variety of the smooth brome complex, scientifically known as Bromus inermis pumpellianus. You might also see it referenced by its synonym, Bromus sibiricus. Unlike some of its more aggressive relatives, this perennial grass maintains its place in the native plant community without overwhelming its neighbors.

Where Does It Naturally Grow?

This hardy grass has an impressive native range spanning much of northern North America. You’ll find Pumpelly’s brome naturally occurring across Canadian provinces including Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, and the territories of Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut. In the United States, it calls home states like Alaska, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, Montana, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Washington, and Wyoming.

Should You Plant Pumpelly’s Brome in Your Garden?

As a native species, Pumpelly’s brome offers several advantages for the right garden situation:

  • Excellent cold tolerance, thriving in harsh northern climates
  • Low maintenance once established
  • Supports local ecosystems as a native species
  • Likely drought-tolerant once mature
  • Provides natural texture in wildland or naturalistic garden designs

However, this isn’t necessarily the grass for every garden. Its natural habitat suggests it’s best suited for:

  • Naturalistic landscapes
  • Wildland restoration projects
  • Gardens in very cold climates (likely USDA zones 2-6)
  • Areas where you want minimal intervention

Growing Conditions and Care

While specific growing information for Pumpelly’s brome is limited, its natural distribution tells us quite a bit about its preferences. This grass appears to be incredibly adaptable, thriving across diverse climatic conditions from the Arctic territories to the American Southwest mountains.

Based on its native habitat, Pumpelly’s brome likely prefers:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Well-draining soils
  • Cool to cold winter temperatures
  • Moderate summer moisture, though likely drought-tolerant once established

Planting and Establishment

As with many native grasses, patience is key when establishing Pumpelly’s brome. The old saying first year they sleep, second year they creep, third year they leap often applies to perennial native grasses.

For the best chance of success:

  • Plant in spring or early fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Ensure good seed-to-soil contact if direct seeding
  • Water regularly during the first growing season
  • Be patient – full establishment may take 2-3 years

A Word of Caution: Know Your Source

It’s worth noting that the smooth brome complex (Bromus inermis) includes both native and introduced varieties. Some introduced smooth brome varieties can be quite aggressive and are considered invasive in certain areas. Always ensure you’re getting true Pumpelly’s brome (Bromus inermis pumpellianus) from a reputable native plant source.

The Bottom Line

Pumpelly’s brome represents an interesting option for gardeners in northern climates who want to incorporate truly native grasses into their landscapes. While it may not have the showy appeal of ornamental grasses, it offers the satisfaction of growing a plant that belongs in your local ecosystem. If you’re creating a naturalistic garden, restoring native habitat, or simply want a low-maintenance grass that can handle whatever winter throws at it, Pumpelly’s brome might be worth considering.

Just remember to source it responsibly and be prepared for a subtle beauty that rewards patient observation rather than demanding immediate attention.

Pumpelly’s Brome

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Bromus L. - brome

Species

Bromus inermis Leyss. - smooth brome

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA