North America Native Plant

Puerto Rico Indigoberry

Botanical name: Randia portoricensis

USDA symbol: RAPO2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to Puerto Rico  

Puerto Rico Indigoberry: A Critically Endangered Caribbean Gem Worth Protecting Meet the Puerto Rico indigoberry (Randia portoricensis), a rare tropical shrub that’s teetering on the edge of extinction. This little-known native plant of Puerto Rico packs a punch with its fragrant white flowers and glossy foliage, but there’s a catch ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S1: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Critically Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 5 or fewer occurrences or very few remaining individuals (<1,000) ⚘

Puerto Rico Indigoberry: A Critically Endangered Caribbean Gem Worth Protecting

Meet the Puerto Rico indigoberry (Randia portoricensis), a rare tropical shrub that’s teetering on the edge of extinction. This little-known native plant of Puerto Rico packs a punch with its fragrant white flowers and glossy foliage, but there’s a catch – it’s one of the rarest plants you’ll ever encounter in the gardening world.

What Makes Puerto Rico Indigoberry Special?

The Puerto Rico indigoberry is a perennial shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13-16 feet tall. Think of it as nature’s way of creating a compact, manageable specimen that won’t overwhelm your garden space. Its glossy green leaves provide year-round interest, while small, fragrant white flowers appear seasonally, followed by dark berries that give the plant its common name.

Where Does It Come From?

This shrub is endemic to Puerto Rico, meaning it naturally occurs nowhere else on Earth. It’s a true island specialty that has evolved to thrive in the unique Caribbean climate and conditions of Puerto Rico.

The Conservation Reality Check

Here’s the important part: The Puerto Rico indigoberry has a Global Conservation Status of S1, which translates to Critically Imperiled. This means there are typically only 5 or fewer known occurrences in the wild, with fewer than 1,000 individual plants remaining. In gardening terms, this plant is rarer than finding a perfect tomato in your first year of gardening!

If you’re considering growing this species, please only source it from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation organizations that can guarantee the plant material was ethically and legally obtained. Never collect from wild populations.

Growing Conditions and Care

The Puerto Rico indigoberry thrives in tropical conditions and is suited for USDA hardiness zones 10-11. Here’s what this Caribbean native needs to flourish:

  • Climate: Warm, humid tropical conditions year-round
  • Light: Partial shade to full sun
  • Soil: Well-draining soil that doesn’t stay waterlogged
  • Water: Regular watering to maintain consistent moisture
  • Protection: Shield from strong winds that can damage branches

Garden Design and Landscape Role

This rare shrub works best as a specimen plant in native plant gardens, conservation collections, or botanical gardens. Its compact size makes it suitable for:

  • Native plant demonstration gardens
  • Conservation-focused landscapes
  • Educational botanical collections
  • Specialty tropical gardens

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

The fragrant white flowers attract small pollinators, including native bees and butterflies. The dark berries may provide food for birds, though specific wildlife relationships are still being studied due to the plant’s rarity.

Should You Plant It?

Here’s the bottom line: if you live in zones 10-11 and are passionate about conservation gardening, the Puerto Rico indigoberry could be a meaningful addition to your landscape. However, this should only be considered if you can source the plant responsibly from conservation nurseries or participate in legitimate conservation programs.

For most gardeners, supporting conservation efforts for this species might be more impactful than trying to grow it. Consider donating to botanical gardens or conservation organizations working to protect Puerto Rico’s native flora, or choose other native Caribbean plants that aren’t critically imperiled.

Remember, gardening with rare plants comes with the responsibility of being a conservation steward. If you do grow this special shrub, consider participating in seed collection or propagation programs to help increase the population of this remarkable island endemic.

Puerto Rico Indigoberry

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Rubiales

Family

Rubiaceae Juss. - Madder family

Genus

Randia L. - indigoberry

Species

Randia portoricensis (Urb.) Britton & Standl. - Puerto Rico indigoberry

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA