North America Native Plant

Pricklypear

Botanical name: Opuntia ×demissa

USDA symbol: OPDE

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Pricklypear (Opuntia ×demissa): A Mysterious Native Cactus for California Gardens Meet Opuntia ×demissa, a rather enigmatic member of the pricklypear family that calls California home. This native cactus hybrid is one of those plants that keeps botanists scratching their heads – not because it’s particularly troublesome, but because it’s surprisingly ...

Pricklypear (Opuntia ×demissa): A Mysterious Native Cactus for California Gardens

Meet Opuntia ×demissa, a rather enigmatic member of the pricklypear family that calls California home. This native cactus hybrid is one of those plants that keeps botanists scratching their heads – not because it’s particularly troublesome, but because it’s surprisingly understudied for such an interesting species.

What Makes This Pricklypear Special?

As a perennial cactus native to the lower 48 states, specifically found growing in California, Opuntia ×demissa represents the fascinating world of natural plant hybridization. The × in its botanical name is your clue – this symbol indicates that we’re dealing with a hybrid species, meaning it likely arose from the natural crossing of two other prickly pear species.

This multi-stemmed woody perennial typically stays under 13-16 feet in height, though it can occasionally grow taller or develop a single stem depending on its growing conditions. Like other members of the prickly pear family, it features the characteristic paddle-shaped segments (called pads or cladodes) that make these cacti instantly recognizable.

Where You’ll Find It

Currently documented in California, this native pricklypear has carved out its niche in the Golden State’s diverse landscapes. However, given the limited research on this particular hybrid, there may be more to discover about its true range and habitat preferences.

Should You Plant Opuntia ×demissa?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While this pricklypear is undoubtedly a legitimate native species deserving of conservation attention, the lack of detailed cultivation information makes it a challenging choice for the average gardener. If you’re considering adding it to your landscape, here’s what to keep in mind:

The Pros:

  • It’s a true California native, supporting local ecosystems
  • Perennial growth means it’s a long-term garden investment
  • Low-maintenance once established (typical of most cacti)
  • Unique hybrid status makes it botanically interesting

The Challenges:

  • Limited availability in nurseries due to its obscure status
  • Lack of specific growing guidance
  • May be difficult to source responsibly

Growing Tips (Based on General Pricklypear Care)

Since specific cultivation information for Opuntia ×demissa is scarce, your best bet is to follow general prickly pear growing guidelines while keeping a close eye on how your plant responds:

  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure is typically preferred
  • Soil: Well-draining, sandy or rocky soil is essential
  • Watering: Minimal watering once established; avoid overwatering
  • Climate: Suited for California’s Mediterranean climate zones

A Word of Caution

Given the limited information available about this specific hybrid, it’s wise to proceed with caution. If you do find a source for Opuntia ×demissa, make sure it’s from a reputable native plant nursery that can verify the plant’s identity and provenance.

Native Alternatives to Consider

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing native prickly pears but want something with more established cultivation information, consider these well-documented California native Opuntia species:

  • Opuntia ficus-indica (Indian Fig Prickly Pear)
  • Opuntia littoralis (Coastal Prickly Pear)
  • Opuntia oricola (Chaparral Prickly Pear)

The Bottom Line

Opuntia ×demissa represents one of those fascinating botanical mysteries that reminds us how much we still have to learn about our native flora. While it may not be the easiest prickly pear to grow due to limited information and availability, it certainly deserves recognition as part of California’s native plant heritage. If you’re a dedicated native plant enthusiast willing to experiment and document your results, this could be an exciting addition to your collection – just be prepared for a bit of botanical detective work along the way!

Pricklypear

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Cactaceae Juss. - Cactus family

Genus

Opuntia Mill. - pricklypear

Species

Opuntia ×demissa Griffiths (pro sp.) [ficus-indica × sp.] - pricklypear

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA