North America Native Plant

Prairie Bishop

Botanical name: Bifora americana

USDA symbol: BIAM2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Prairie Bishop: A Rare Native Annual Worth Protecting Meet prairie bishop (Bifora americana), a delicate native wildflower that’s become something of a botanical treasure in the American prairie landscape. This unassuming annual herb might not make the loudest statement in your garden, but it carries significant conservation value and offers ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Arkansas

Status: SH: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Possibly Extinct: Known only from historical occurrences. Still some hope of rediscovery ⚘

Prairie Bishop: A Rare Native Annual Worth Protecting

Meet prairie bishop (Bifora americana), a delicate native wildflower that’s become something of a botanical treasure in the American prairie landscape. This unassuming annual herb might not make the loudest statement in your garden, but it carries significant conservation value and offers a unique glimpse into our disappearing prairie heritage.

What Makes Prairie Bishop Special?

Prairie bishop is a charming annual that produces clusters of tiny white flowers arranged in delicate umbrella-like formations called umbels. The plant develops feathery, finely divided foliage that gives it an airy, graceful appearance. While it may seem modest compared to showier wildflowers, its understated beauty and ecological importance make it a valuable addition to native plant gardens.

Where Prairie Bishop Calls Home

This native wildflower has a limited natural range, occurring only in Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Unfortunately, prairie bishop has become increasingly rare, particularly in Arkansas where it holds a rarity status of SH (historically known), meaning it hasn’t been documented in recent years and may be extirpated from the state.

The Rarity Factor: Why This Matters

Here’s where things get serious. Prairie bishop’s rarity status means that if you’re considering growing this plant, you need to be extra responsible about your seed sources. Never collect seeds from wild populations, as this could further harm already struggling communities. Instead, seek out reputable native plant nurseries or seed companies that offer responsibly propagated material.

Growing rare plants like prairie bishop can actually contribute to conservation efforts by maintaining genetic diversity in cultivation and potentially providing seeds for future restoration projects.

Growing Prairie Bishop Successfully

As an annual, prairie bishop completes its entire life cycle in one growing season, making it relatively straightforward to grow once you understand its needs:

Ideal Growing Conditions

  • Full sun exposure
  • Well-drained soils
  • Drought tolerance once established
  • USDA hardiness zones 6-9

Planting and Care Tips

  • Direct seed in fall or early spring for best germination
  • Scatter seeds on prepared soil surface – they need light to germinate
  • Water gently during germination period
  • Once established, minimal care required
  • Allow plants to self-seed for natural populations

Perfect Garden Settings

Prairie bishop shines in naturalistic settings where its delicate charm can be appreciated up close. Consider incorporating it into:

  • Prairie restoration projects
  • Wildflower meadows
  • Native plant gardens
  • Pollinator gardens (attracts small beneficial insects)

The Conservation Connection

By choosing to grow prairie bishop, you’re participating in grassroots conservation. This little annual supports small pollinators and beneficial insects while helping maintain the genetic diversity of a rare native species. Just remember to source your seeds responsibly and consider saving seeds to share with other conservation-minded gardeners.

Should You Grow Prairie Bishop?

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, prairie bishop could be a meaningful addition to your garden. Its rarity makes it special, but also requires thoughtful cultivation practices. While it won’t be the star of your flower border, it offers the satisfaction of growing something truly unique and ecologically valuable.

For gardeners in its native range of Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas, prairie bishop represents a connection to the region’s prairie heritage. Just remember: with great rarity comes great responsibility. Source ethically, grow thoughtfully, and help ensure this little prairie gem has a future in our landscapes.

Prairie Bishop

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Apiales

Family

Apiaceae Lindl. - Carrot family

Genus

Bifora Hoffm. - bishop

Species

Bifora americana Benth. & Hook. f. ex S. Watson - prairie bishop

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA