North America Native Plant

Pondweed

Botanical name: Potamogeton ×subsessilis

USDA symbol: POSU9

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Pondweed: A Native Aquatic Plant for Water Garden Enthusiasts If you’re looking to create an authentic native water garden, you might want to get acquainted with Potamogeton ×subsessilis, commonly known as pondweed. This perennial aquatic plant represents one of nature’s more specialized offerings – a true water-dweller that’s perfectly at ...

Pondweed: A Native Aquatic Plant for Water Garden Enthusiasts

If you’re looking to create an authentic native water garden, you might want to get acquainted with Potamogeton ×subsessilis, commonly known as pondweed. This perennial aquatic plant represents one of nature’s more specialized offerings – a true water-dweller that’s perfectly at home beneath the surface of ponds and wetlands.

What Makes This Pondweed Special?

This particular pondweed is classified as a forb, which simply means it’s an herbaceous plant without woody stems. What sets it apart from your typical garden perennials is its completely aquatic lifestyle – this plant has evolved to live entirely submerged in water. As a native species to the lower 48 states, it represents an authentic piece of North American aquatic ecosystems.

Where You’ll Find It Growing Wild

Potamogeton ×subsessilis has a rather exclusive native range, naturally occurring in just two states: Massachusetts and Wisconsin. This limited distribution makes it something of a regional specialty plant.

The Reality of Growing Pondweed

Let’s be honest – this isn’t your typical backyard garden plant. As an obligate wetland species, this pondweed almost always occurs in wetlands and requires fully aquatic conditions to thrive. Here’s what you need to know:

  • It must be grown completely submerged in water
  • Requires specialized aquatic planting techniques
  • Best suited for natural ponds, water gardens, or bog gardens
  • Not suitable for traditional soil-based gardening

Is This Plant Right for Your Garden?

Pondweed is definitely a niche plant that appeals to specific gardening situations. You might consider it if you:

  • Have a natural or constructed pond on your property
  • Are creating a native wetland restoration project
  • Want to support authentic regional ecosystems in Massachusetts or Wisconsin
  • Enjoy the challenge of specialized aquatic gardening

However, this plant probably isn’t the best choice if you’re looking for:

  • Showy flowers or dramatic foliage
  • Easy-care garden plants
  • Plants that attract pollinators (submerged aquatics offer limited pollinator benefits)
  • Something you can grow in regular garden beds

The Challenge of Finding and Growing Pondweed

Here’s where things get tricky – Potamogeton ×subsessilis is quite rare in cultivation. You’re unlikely to find it at your local garden center, and sourcing it may require connecting with native plant societies or specialized aquatic plant suppliers in its native range.

If you do manage to source this plant, remember that successful aquatic gardening requires:

  • Clean, non-chlorinated water
  • Proper water depth and circulation
  • Understanding of aquatic ecosystem balance
  • Patience, as aquatic plants establish differently than terrestrial ones

The Bottom Line

Potamogeton ×subsessilis is a fascinating native plant that serves an important role in its natural wetland habitats. While it’s not practical for most home gardens, it could be a valuable addition for serious water gardeners or those involved in wetland restoration projects in Massachusetts or Wisconsin.

If you’re drawn to the idea of native aquatic plants but want something more accessible, consider exploring other native pondweeds or aquatic plants that might be more readily available in your area. Your local native plant society can be an excellent resource for discovering water-loving natives that might be easier to source and grow successfully.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Northcentral & Northeast

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Pondweed

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Alismatidae

Order

Najadales

Family

Potamogetonaceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Pondweed family

Genus

Potamogeton L. - pondweed

Species

Potamogeton ×subsessilis Hagstr. [epihydrus × nodosus] - pondweed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA