North America Native Plant

Pohe Hiwa

Botanical name: Viola kauaensis

USDA symbol: VIKA

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to Hawaii  

Pohe Hiwa: Hawaii’s Rare Native Violet Worth Protecting Meet pohe hiwa (Viola kauaensis), one of Hawaii’s most precious native violets that’s fighting for survival in the wild. This charming little perennial might look delicate, but it’s a tough survivor that has called the wetlands of Kauai home for countless generations. ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Pohe Hiwa: Hawaii’s Rare Native Violet Worth Protecting

Meet pohe hiwa (Viola kauaensis), one of Hawaii’s most precious native violets that’s fighting for survival in the wild. This charming little perennial might look delicate, but it’s a tough survivor that has called the wetlands of Kauai home for countless generations. If you’re passionate about native Hawaiian plants and conservation, this rare beauty deserves a spot on your radar.

A True Hawaiian Endemic

Pohe hiwa is as Hawaiian as it gets – this violet species is found nowhere else on Earth except the island of Kauai. As a native Hawaiian plant, it has evolved specifically for the unique conditions of Hawaii’s wet forests and boggy areas, making it an irreplaceable part of the islands’ natural heritage.

Currently, pohe hiwa grows only in Hawaii, where it clings to existence in its preferred wetland habitats.

Why This Plant Matters (And Why You Should Care)

Here’s the sobering truth: pohe hiwa has a Global Conservation Status of S2, meaning it’s imperiled due to extreme rarity. With typically only 6 to 20 known occurrences and fewer than 1,000 to 3,000 individuals remaining, this little violet is in serious trouble. Every plant matters when you’re working with numbers this small.

Important: If you’re considering growing pohe hiwa, please only use responsibly sourced material from reputable native plant nurseries or conservation programs. Never collect from wild populations.

What Makes Pohe Hiwa Special

As a forb (that’s botanist-speak for a non-woody flowering plant), pohe hiwa stays relatively small and manageable. Like other violets, it produces delicate flowers and heart-shaped leaves that add subtle beauty to any planting. But what really makes it shine is its role as an obligate wetland plant – it almost always occurs in wetlands, making it perfect for specialized garden situations.

Perfect Garden Situations

Pohe hiwa isn’t your typical backyard flower, but it can be absolutely perfect in the right setting:

  • Bog gardens and wetland restoration projects
  • Native Hawaiian landscape designs
  • Conservation gardens focused on rare species
  • Educational gardens showcasing Hawaiian endemics
  • Rain gardens and consistently moist areas

Growing Conditions and Care

Think Hawaiian rainforest floor and you’ll get the idea of what pohe hiwa needs to thrive:

  • Moisture: Consistently wet to moist soil – this plant doesn’t do drought
  • Light: Partial shade, mimicking its natural forest understory habitat
  • Soil: Rich, organic soils with excellent moisture retention
  • Climate: USDA zones 10-11 (warm, tropical conditions)
  • Temperature: Prefers the cooler temperatures found in Hawaii’s upland forests

Planting and Care Tips

Growing pohe hiwa successfully requires patience and the right approach:

  • Start with plants from reputable conservation nurseries only
  • Create a consistently moist microenvironment – think mini-bog conditions
  • Use organic-rich potting mix or amend soil heavily with compost
  • Provide protection from strong winds and intense sun
  • Monitor moisture levels religiously – dry soil spells disaster
  • Be patient – rare plants often grow slowly and may take time to establish

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

While we don’t have extensive data on pohe hiwa’s specific wildlife benefits, violets as a group are known to support various pollinators and beneficial insects. By growing this native Hawaiian violet, you’re potentially providing resources for native Hawaiian pollinators and contributing to the island’s ecological web.

The Bottom Line

Should you grow pohe hiwa? If you’re in Hawaii’s suitable climate zones and passionate about conservation, absolutely – but only with responsibly sourced plants. This isn’t a plant for casual gardeners or those looking for easy-care options. It’s a plant for conservationists, native plant enthusiasts, and gardeners who want to be part of preserving Hawaii’s unique natural heritage.

Remember, every pohe hiwa plant grown in cultivation is potentially one more safeguard against extinction. In a world where rare plants disappear daily, that’s not just gardening – that’s hope in action.

Pohe Hiwa

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Violales

Family

Violaceae Batsch - Violet family

Genus

Viola L. - violet

Species

Viola kauaensis A. Gray - pohe hiwa

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA