North America Native Plant

Plateau Phacelia

Botanical name: Phacelia rafaelensis

USDA symbol: PHRA9

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Plateau Phacelia: A Rare Gem for the Dedicated Native Plant Gardener Meet plateau phacelia (Phacelia rafaelensis), a delicate biennial wildflower that’s about as exclusive as native plants get. This little-known member of the waterleaf family calls the rugged landscapes of the Colorado Plateau home, and it’s not exactly what you’d ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Plateau Phacelia: A Rare Gem for the Dedicated Native Plant Gardener

Meet plateau phacelia (Phacelia rafaelensis), a delicate biennial wildflower that’s about as exclusive as native plants get. This little-known member of the waterleaf family calls the rugged landscapes of the Colorado Plateau home, and it’s not exactly what you’d call common—which makes it all the more special for those lucky enough to encounter it.

What Makes Plateau Phacelia Special?

Plateau phacelia is a true native of the American Southwest, specifically found in Arizona and Utah. As a biennial forb, this herbaceous beauty follows a two-year life cycle: spending its first year developing roots and leaves, then blooming and setting seed in its second year before completing its journey.

What really sets this plant apart is its rarity. With a Global Conservation Status of S3, plateau phacelia is considered vulnerable throughout its range. This means there are typically only 21 to 100 known occurrences, making it a genuine treasure for native plant enthusiasts.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

While plateau phacelia may not be the showiest plant in your garden, it offers subtle charm that rewards close observation. Like other members of the Phacelia genus, it likely produces delicate blue to purple tubular flowers arranged in the characteristic coiled clusters that give these plants their distinctive look.

This rare native is best suited for:

  • Specialized native plant collections
  • Rock gardens that mimic its natural habitat
  • Xerophytic landscapes focused on water conservation
  • Educational gardens highlighting rare regional flora

Growing Conditions and Care

Based on its native habitat in the Colorado Plateau region, plateau phacelia likely thrives in conditions that mirror its homeland:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-draining soils that don’t stay soggy
  • Water: Minimal once established—this is a drought-adapted native
  • Hardiness: Estimated zones 4-8, adapted to temperature extremes

Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

While specific data on plateau phacelia’s wildlife relationships isn’t well-documented, Phacelia species are generally excellent pollinator plants. This rare beauty likely attracts native bees and other small pollinators, contributing to the local ecosystem in ways that are still being discovered.

The Conservation Consideration

Here’s the important part: Because plateau phacelia is rare and vulnerable, responsible gardening practices are essential. If you’re interested in growing this species, only source plants or seeds from reputable native plant nurseries that can guarantee their material wasn’t collected from wild populations. Better yet, look for nurseries that participate in conservation programs or have propagated plants from ethically sourced seed.

Planting and Care Tips

As a biennial, plateau phacelia requires patience. Here’s what to expect:

  • First year: Focus on root development and basal leaf growth
  • Second year: Flowering, seed production, and completion of life cycle
  • Allow plants to self-seed naturally for continued generations
  • Provide excellent drainage to prevent root rot
  • Minimal fertilization needed—native plants prefer lean soils

Should You Grow Plateau Phacelia?

This isn’t a plant for every gardener, but if you’re passionate about native plants, conservation, and have a special interest in rare species, plateau phacelia could be a meaningful addition to your collection. Just remember that with great rarity comes great responsibility—always source ethically and consider this plant an opportunity to participate in conservation rather than just decoration.

For most gardeners interested in supporting pollinators and native ecosystems, consider more common Phacelia species or other native wildflowers from your region that can provide similar benefits without the conservation concerns.

Plateau Phacelia

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Hydrophyllaceae R. Br. - Waterleaf family

Genus

Phacelia Juss. - phacelia

Species

Phacelia rafaelensis N.D. Atwood - plateau phacelia

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA