North America Native Plant

Pineland Skullcap

Botanical name: Scutellaria altamaha

USDA symbol: SCAL3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Native to the lower 48 states  

Pineland Skullcap: A Rare Southeastern Native Worth Protecting Meet the pineland skullcap (Scutellaria altamaha), a charming little wildflower that deserves more attention from native plant enthusiasts. This perennial herb might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it’s got something special going for it – it’s a true ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2S3: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘ Vulnerable: Either very rare and local throughout its range, found only in a restricted range (even if abundant at some locations), or factors are making it vulnerable to extinction. Typically 21 to 100 occurrences or between 3,000 and 10,000 individuals ⚘

Pineland Skullcap: A Rare Southeastern Native Worth Protecting

Meet the pineland skullcap (Scutellaria altamaha), a charming little wildflower that deserves more attention from native plant enthusiasts. This perennial herb might not be the showiest plant in your garden, but it’s got something special going for it – it’s a true regional treasure that plays an important role in southeastern ecosystems.

What Makes Pineland Skullcap Special?

Pineland skullcap is a native forb – basically a fancy way of saying it’s an herbaceous plant without woody stems above ground. As a member of the mint family, it produces small, tubular purple-blue flowers that bloom from summer into fall. The flowers have that characteristic helmet shape that gives skullcaps their common name, and they’re absolutely delightful when you take a closer look.

But here’s what makes this plant truly special: it’s considered rare. With a Global Conservation Status of S2S3, pineland skullcap populations are limited and potentially vulnerable. This makes it both a conservation priority and a meaningful addition to native plant gardens.

Where Does It Call Home?

This southeastern native has a fairly limited range, naturally occurring in Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. True to its name, it’s typically found in pine flatwoods and similar habitats throughout the coastal plain region of these states.

Why Grow Pineland Skullcap?

If you’re passionate about native plants and conservation, pineland skullcap offers several compelling reasons to include it in your landscape:

  • Pollinator magnet: The small flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects
  • Regional authenticity: Perfect for creating authentic southeastern plant communities
  • Low maintenance: Once established, it’s quite drought tolerant and requires minimal care
  • Conservation value: You’ll be helping preserve a rare native species
  • Understory beauty: Adds subtle charm to woodland and naturalized areas

Important Conservation Note

Because pineland skullcap is considered rare, it’s crucial to source plants responsibly. Never collect from wild populations – this can harm already vulnerable communities. Instead, seek out reputable native plant nurseries that propagate their own stock or participate in conservation programs.

Perfect Garden Settings

Pineland skullcap shines in:

  • Native plant gardens focusing on southeastern species
  • Woodland gardens with dappled sunlight
  • Conservation landscapes and habitat restoration projects
  • Pine garden understories
  • Naturalized wildflower areas

Growing Conditions and Care

This adaptable native is surprisingly easy to grow once you understand its preferences:

Sunlight: Partial shade to full sun, though it appreciates some protection from intense afternoon sun

Soil: Well-drained, sandy soils are ideal – think about its natural pine flatwoods habitat

Water: Moderate water needs; drought tolerant once established

Climate: Best suited for USDA hardiness zones 8-9, matching its native range

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in spring or fall for best establishment
  • Ensure good drainage – soggy soil is not this plant’s friend
  • Mulch lightly with pine needles or leaves to mimic natural conditions
  • Water regularly the first year, then reduce as the plant establishes
  • No need for fertilizer – native plants prefer lean soils
  • Allow flowers to go to seed to support local wildlife and potential self-sowing

The Bottom Line

Pineland skullcap might be small and understated, but it’s a plant with big conservation value. If you live within its native range and can source plants responsibly, adding this rare beauty to your garden is a wonderful way to support local ecosystems while enjoying its quiet charm. Just remember – with rarity comes responsibility, so always choose nursery-propagated plants over wild-collected specimens.

Your garden can be part of the conservation story, one pineland skullcap at a time.

Pineland Skullcap

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Scutellaria L. - skullcap

Species

Scutellaria altamaha Small - pineland skullcap

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA